{"id":1930,"date":"2010-02-04T17:44:59","date_gmt":"2010-02-04T09:44:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=1930"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:21:27","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:21:27","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%8f%b0%e5%a4%a7%e6%84%8f%e8%ad%98%e3%80%91%e5%81%9a%e9%86%ab%e5%b8%ab%e5%89%8d%e5%85%88%e5%81%9a%e4%ba%ba%e2%94%80%e2%94%80%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e9%86%ab%e5%ad%b8%e4%ba%ba%e6%96%87%e6%95%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=1930","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u53f0\u5927\u610f\u8b58\u3011\u505a\u91ab\u5e2b\u524d\u5148\u505a\u4eba\u2500\u2500\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u80cc\u666f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u25a0 \u65e5\u524d\u300c\u53f0\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e0a\u8ab2\u5403\u96de\u817f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\u5f15\u8d77\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5c11\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002\u82e5\u6211\u5011\u4ed4\u7d30\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6b64\u4e00\u8ad6\u722d\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5f15\u7206\u9ede\u662f\u5728\u53f0\u5927\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u9580\u300c\u91ab\u5b78\u502b\u7406\u8ab2\u7a0b\u300d\u3002\u4f46\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u5b78\u751f\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u5c0d\u9019\u9580\u8ab2\u610f\u8208\u95cc\u73ca\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u300c\u91ab\u5b78\u751f\u8a0e\u53ad\u502b\u7406\u8ab2\u300d\u53c8\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u7fa9\uff1f\u8af8\u5982\u6b64\u985e\u7d30\u81a9\u4f46\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u554f\u984c\u9bae\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u8ffd\u554f\u3002\u5c0d\u6b64\uff0c\u53f0\u5927\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u6709\u8a71\u8981\u8aaa\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1931\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1931\" style=\"width: 655px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1931  \" title=\"Anagni Cathedral_Sacred Destinations@flicker\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/Sacred-Destinations@flicker.jpg\" alt=\"Anagni Cathedral\" width=\"655\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/Sacred-Destinations@flicker.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/Sacred-Destinations@flicker-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/02\/Sacred-Destinations@flicker-800x535.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1931\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7fa9\u5927\u5229Anagni\u5927\u6559\u5802\u88e1\u7684\u58c1\u756b\uff0c\u4e0a\u982d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u662fGalen\u8ddfHippocrates\uff0c\u53e4\u5e0c\u81d8\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u76f8\u4fe1\u897f\u65b9\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587<\/strong> \u2223 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style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: bold\">\u5f9e\u7406\u9aee\u5320\u5230\u5085\u96f7\u65af\u7d0d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6b50\u6d32\u81ea\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u8853\u7531\u7406\u9aee\u5320\u57f7\u5200\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5e2b\u5f92\u5236\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5167\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b\uff08physician\uff09\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u88e1\u63a5\u53d7\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u7b49\u4eba\u6587\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5b78\u7fd2\u91ab\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u6587\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u8853\u5927\u91cf\u88ab\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u75be\u75c5\u8a3a\u65b7\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5be6\u9a57\u8207\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a13\u7df4\u6f38\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u50be\u5411\u66f4\u70ba\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u6280\u8853\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6f38\u6210\u6b21\u8981\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u800c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u65bc1910\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300c\u5085\u96f7\u65af\u7d0d\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u300d\uff08Flexner Report\uff09\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u5168\u570b\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8a55\u9451\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u9019\u4efd\u5831\u544a\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5085\u96f7\u65af\u7d0d\u5927\u81bd\u5efa\u8b70\u5c07\u7576\u6642\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u71df\u5229\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5be6\u52d9\u8a13\u7df4\u5b78\u6821\uff08proprietary medical schools\uff09\u90fd\u4f75\u5165\u5927\u5b78\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91ab\u7642\u7684\u5546\u696d\u5316\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u3002\u4ed6\u63a8\u5d07\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u91ab\u7642\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\u7576\u6642\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u76ee\u904e\u65bc\u7e41\u7463\uff0c\u8207\u5b78\u751f\u5be6\u969b\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a13\u7df4\u3001\u5be6\u969b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5085\u6c0f\u5831\u544a\u5f71\u97ff\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u6578\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u7d50\u675f\u4e4b\u524d\u6df7\u4e82\u4e0d\u582a\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u63a5\u53d7\u5169\u5e74\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u56db\u5e74\u5236\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u4ed6\u4f01\u5716\u57f9\u990a\u5b78\u751f\u5f9e\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u80cc\u8aa6\u8005\uff0c\u8f49\u70ba\u76f4\u63a5\u53c3\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u898b\u7fd2\u7684\u4e3b\u52d5\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5085\u6c0f\u5728\u591a\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u91ab\u5e2b\u7684\u990a\u6210\u4f9d\u7136\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6587\u5316\u8207\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u7d20\u990a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: bold\">\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u840c\u82bd<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u800c\u53cd\u89c0\u53f0\u7063\uff0c1895\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6b96\u6c11\u7d71\u6cbb\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u5f15\u9032\u897f\u65b9\u91ab\u5b78\u9ad4\u5236\u7684\u958b\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u6700\u65e9\u958b\u8a2d\u7684\u571f\u4eba\u91ab\u5b78\u8b1b\u7fd2\u6240\u5c08\u6536\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0d\u8c61\u70ba\u4fee\u7fd2\u904e\u516d\u500b\u6708\u300c\u570b\u8a9e\u300d\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u6545\u5148\u6709\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b78\u3001\u6578\u5b78\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u65e5\u8a9e\u3001\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u5b78\u7b49\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u518d\u6388\u4e88\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u516c\u5b78\u6821\u5b78\u6b77\u5831\u8003\uff09\u929c\u63a5\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u4ea6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u9810\u79d1\u5960\u5b9a\u5b78\u751f\u8a9e\u6587\u3001\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u89e3\u81e8\u5e8a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u81e8\u5e8a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5247\u5230\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u6216\u57fa\u5c64\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u8a2d\u65bd\u9032\u884c\u6559\u5b78\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u8f49\u578b\u7684\u300c\u91ab\u5c08\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53f0\u5317\u5e1d\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u90e8\u300d\u5247\u5c6c\u5c08\u79d1\uff0f\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u56db\u5e74\u4e2d\u982d\u4e8c\u5e74\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u91ab\u5b78\u3001\u5f8c\u4e8c\u5e74\u70ba\u81e8\u5e8a\u5be6\u7fd2\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u91ab\u7528\u5fb7\u6587\u3001\u91ab\u5b78\u6cd5\u5236\u7b49\u5c08\u696d\u9700\u6c42\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e26\u7121\u4eba\u6587\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5f9e\u571f\u4eba\u91ab\u5b78\u8b1b\u7fd2\u6240\u3001\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u5230\u53f0\u5317\u91ab\u5c08\u3001\u53f0\u5317\u5e1d\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u90e8\uff0c\u91ab\u8077\u539f\u672c\u4e4f\u4eba\u554f\u6d25\uff0c\u8f1f\u5b78\u7387\u9ad8\u9054\u516b\u6210\uff0c\u5230\u5f8c\u4f86\u537b\u8b8a\u5f97\u4eba\u4eba\u7a31\u7fa8\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u672c\u571f\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u57fa\u5c64\u793e\u5340\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u81ea\u8207\u7576\u6642\u65e5\u4eba\u7d71\u6cbb\u4e0b\u8af8\u591a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u91ab\u5e2b\u6210\u70ba\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u696d\u300d\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u91ab\u5e2b\u5728\u9109\u91cc\u9593\u662f\u5f15\u9032\u5148\u9032\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u300c\u516c\u91ab\u300d\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5354\u52a9\u885b\u751f\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u63a8\u884c\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u5982\u8cf4\u548c\u3001\u8523\u6e2d\u6c34\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u63a8\u52d5\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e0a\u6709\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u8523\u6e2d\u6c34\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u300c\u81e8\u5e8a\u8b1b\u7fa9\u300d\u5c07\u7576\u6642\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u8a3a\u70ba\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4f4e\u80fd\u5152\u300d\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u696d\u300c\u6cbb\u7642\u300d\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u91ab\u8005\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u7368\u7279\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u5f88\u5c11\u63a5\u53d7\u4eba\u6587\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u91ab\u5e2b\u8655\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u9818\u5c0e\u968e\u7d1a\u300d\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7368\u9738\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u77e5\u8b58\u4efd\u5b50\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u5c0d\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8cac\u4efb\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u610f\u8b58\u3002\u91ab\u5b78\u6821\u6821\u9577\u9ad8\u6728\u53cb\u679d\u90a3\u53e5\u300c\u505a\u91ab\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u61c2\u5f97\u505a\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u6b77\u5c46\u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u6211\u52c9\u52f5\u7684\u5ea7\u53f3\u9298\u3002\u800c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u793e\u6703\u666e\u904d\u5c0d\u91ab\u5e2b\u5c0a\u656c\uff0c\u91ab\u5e2b\u300c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4eba\u6587\u7d20\u990a\u300d\u3001\u300c\u61c2\u5f97\u91ab\u75c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u91ab\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u4e5f\u5c1a\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: bold\">\u8f49\u5411\u7f8e\u5f0f\u9ad4\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5230\u4e86\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u6821\u9577\u63a8\u5d07\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u91ab\u9662\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c07\u53f0\u5927\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u6539\u9769\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u300c\u7cfb\u5b78\u5206\u5236\u300d\u53d6\u4ee3\u300c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u6559\u5b78\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u4e26\u91cd\uff1b\u4eff\u7167\u7f8e\u570b\u5c0d\u57fa\u790e\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u5206\u671f\u3001\u5206\u79d1\uff0c\u5be6\u884c\u5927\u73ed\u5236\u7684\u6388\u8ab2\u3001\u5be6\u65bd\u898b\u7fd2\u91ab\u5e2b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4ea6\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u4e03\u5e74\u5236\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u8f49\u5411\u7f8e\u5f0f\u9ad4\u5236\uff0c\u800c1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u6f38\u8da8\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u9010\u6f38\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u6709\u570b\u9632\u3001\u9ad8\u96c4\u3001\u4e2d\u570b\u3001\u5317\u91ab\u3001\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u967d\u660e\u3001\u6210\u5927\u3001\u9577\u5e9a\u3001\u6148\u6fdf\u3001\u8f14\u5927\u7b49\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u9019\u4e9b\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u9ad4\u5236\u591a\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b78\u5236\u3001\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5404\u6709\u7279\u8272\u3002\u5b78\u5236\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u4e03\u5e74\u5236\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u3001\u4e94\u5e74\u5236\u5b78\u58eb\u5f8c\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u3001\u4e03\u5e74\u5236\u4e2d\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u3001\u4e94\u5e74\u5236\u5b78\u58eb\u5f8c\u4e2d\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u7b49\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u516d\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u9010\u6f38\u6f14\u8b8a\u70ba\u4e03\u5e74\u5236\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5148\u6388\u4e88\u5169\u5e74\u7684\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u518d\u5b78\u7fd2\u57fa\u790e\u91ab\u5b78\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u3001\u5be6\u7fd2\u7b49\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u9662\u4e00\u540c\u4fee\u7fd2\u570b\u6587\u3001\u82f1\u6587\u3001\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u7b49\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u7531\u540c\u5115\u9593\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u8108\u52d5\u3001\u591a\u5143\u9700\u6c42\u6709\u6240\u77ad\u89e3\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u81fa\u5317\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e4b\u521d\u91cd\u8996\u4e0d\u5206\u79d1\u7684\u57fa\u5c64\u91ab\u7642\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u5728\u793e\u5340\u8a3a\u6240\u4e2d\u7684\u5be6\u7fd2\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u6210\u5927\u91ab\u5b78\u7cfb\u8a2d\u7acb\u65bc\u4e5d\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5247\u91cd\u8996\u81e8\u5e8a\u6e9d\u901a\u3001\u91ab\u5b78\u502b\u7406\u3001\u91ab\u5b78\u53f2\u7b49\u4eba\u6587\u502b\u7406\u6559\u5b78\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u800c\u6b64\u6642\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u5177\u6709\u6297\u722d\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u4e8c\u4e8c\u516b\u4ee5\u964d\u7684\u767d\u8272\u6050\u6016\u902e\u6355\u3001\u6bba\u5bb3\u8a31\u591a\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u91ab\u5e2b\u8207\u91ab\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u91ab\u754c\u7684\u826f\u5fc3\u300d\u88ab\u8feb\u5664\u8072\u3002\u7e31\u4f7f\u9ad8\u85aa\u3001\u9ad8\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u4f9d\u820a\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u4e0d\u518d\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8108\u52d5\uff0c\u6614\u65e5\u300c\u793e\u6703\u91ab\u300d\u3001\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u91ab\u300d\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9010\u6f38\u5931\u843d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: bold\">\u9081\u5411\u65b0\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u53cd\u601d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6230\u5f8c\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u9010\u6f38\u6d6e\u73fe\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6559\u5e2b\u54e1\u984d\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u8003\u8a66\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u91ab\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u904e\u91cd\u4e14\u8207\u81e8\u5e8a\u812b\u7bc0\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u53c8\u504f\u91cd\u77e5\u8b58\u704c\u8f38\u800c\u975e\u5e8a\u908a\u6559\u5b78\u3001\u8a31\u591a\u91ab\u5b78\u751f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u91ab\u75c5\u6e9d\u901a\u6280\u5de7\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u7d20\u990a\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8cac\u4efb\u611f\u7684\u6de1\u8584\u3002\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u7d2f\u7a4d\uff0c\u81f31998\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u7684NCFMEA\uff08\u570b\u5916\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u8207\u8a8d\u53ef\u59d4\u54e1\u6703National Committee on Foreign Medical Education and Accreditation\uff09\u5c07\u8a55\u5b9a\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u8a55\u5b9a\u70ba\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u300c\u7121\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff08non-comparable\uff09\u300d\u800c\u6572\u8d77\u8b66\u9418\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u96a8\u5373\u59d4\u8a17\u570b\u5bb6\u885b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7814\u64ec\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8a55\u9451\u7684\u65b0\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u6210\u5927\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u5275\u9662\u9662\u9577\u9ec3\u5d11\u5dd6\u6559\u6388\u4e3b\u6301\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8a55\u9451\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08TMAC\uff09\u65bc2000\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u63a8\u52d5\u4e86\u5168\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\uff1a\u5c0f\u73ed\u5236\u6559\u5b78\u3001\u554f\u984c\u5c0e\u5411\u5f0f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\uff08PBL ; problem-based learning\uff09\u3001\u5728\u4e00\u4e8c\u5e74\u7d1a\u7684\u9810\u79d1\u4e2d\u52a0\u91cd\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u6703\u76f8\u95dc\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3001\u4e26\u4e14\u4f01\u5716\u7d50\u5408\u57fa\u790e\u8207\u81e8\u5e8a\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u79d1\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u85e9\u7c6c\u7b49\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u56e0\u61c9\u6642\u7a7a\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c0d\u91ab\u5e2b\u89d2\u8272\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u8207\u885d\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u9019\u6ce2\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u5176\u4f86\u6709\u81ea\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u4e03\u3001\u516b\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u53cd\u7701\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u4eba\u6587\u3001\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u95d5\u5982\u3002\u800c\u5728\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\uff0c\u5085\u6c0f\u65e9\u5df2\u6307\u51fa\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8ca0\u64d4\u904e\u91cd\uff0c\u9019\u60c5\u5f62\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u96e3\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\uff1b\u5b78\u751f\u80cc\u8aa6\u5927\u91cf\u96f6\u788e\u3001\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u77e5\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u300c\u554f\u984c\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u300d\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u5b78\u751f\u5b78\u6703\u5982\u4f55\u5c0b\u627e\u554f\u984c\u3001\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u990a\u6210\u7d42\u8eab\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5f8c\u5de5\u696d\u3001\u4ee5\u670d\u52d9\u70ba\u6d88\u8cbb\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u773e\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u610f\u8b58\u63d0\u6607\uff0c\u75c5\u60a3\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u8a3a\u7642\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u8eab\u75c5\u60c5\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8207\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u75c5\u82e6\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u300c\u91ab\u75c5\u6e9d\u901a\u6280\u5de7\u300d\u7b49\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e5f\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u662f\u91ab\u5e2b\u990a\u6210\u6240\u5fc5\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\u8207\u54c8\u4f5b\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u5728\u516b\u3007\u5e74\u4ee3\u54c8\u4f5b\u9032\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53f0\u5927\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u4e5f\u63a5\u8457\u65bc1992\u5e74\u63a8\u52d5\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5f15\u9032\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6539\u9769\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u91dd\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7368\u7279\u4e4b\u8655\u9032\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u751f\u6709\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u6b77\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u63a5\u53d7\u904e\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u85b0\u9676\uff0c\u53f0\u5927\u5247\u662f\u5728\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u990a\u6210\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e00\u4e8c\u5e74\u7d1a\u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u7fd2\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7b49\u901a\u8b58\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e09\u56db\u5e74\u7d1a\u9664\u4e86\u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u7fd2\u91ab\u5b78\u6982\u8ad6\uff0c\u53ca\u57fa\u790e\u8207\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u6574\u5408\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8cab\u7a7f\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u57fa\u790e\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u505a\u7dca\u5bc6\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u800c\u5728\u570b\u5167\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\u8208\u8d77\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u96b1\u7136\u8207\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u76f8\u4e92\u61c9\u548c\uff0c\u537b\u56e0\u70ba\u5fc5\u9808\u517c\u9867\u4e8c\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u7522\u751f\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u6de8\u7a7a\u300d\u8207\u300c\u8cab\u4e32\u300d\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u3002\u9ec3\u5d11\u5dd6\u6559\u6388\u4e3b\u5f35\u5728\u521d\u5165\u5b78\u7684\u9810\u79d1\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6574\u5be6\u65bd\u5169\u5e74\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u537b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5176\u8207\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u91ab\u5b78\u3001\u5be6\u7fd2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u52a0\u6df1\u91ab\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9d3b\u6e9d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u59cb\u7d42\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u901a\u8b58\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u9808\u56e0\u61c9\u91ab\u5b78\u751f\u672a\u4f86\u57f7\u696d\u7684\u8655\u5883\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u76ee\u6a19\u8207\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u300c\u91ab\u7642\u8207\u793e\u6703\u300d\u4fbf\u662f\u4f01\u5716\u4ee5\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\u91ab\u75c5\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u516c\u5171\u885b\u751f\u7b49\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5169\u65b9\u9762\u7686\u6709\u6240\u9577\u7684\u5e2b\u8cc7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u5167\u90e8\u5341\u5206\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u671f\u5f85\u5916\u7cfb\u7684\u5e2b\u8cc7\u52a0\u4ee5\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u5e36\u9032\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u8207\u8072\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: 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\/>\n\u8b1d\u535a\u751f\uff0c2004\uff0c\u300a\u73fe\u4ee3\u91ab\u5b78\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u300b\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u3002<br \/>\n\u984f\u88d5\u5ead\uff0c1998\uff0c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u8207\u8d70\u5411\u300b\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u85dd\u8ed2\u3002<br \/>\n\u9673\u541b\u6137\uff0c1992\uff0c\u300a\u65e5\u8a8c\u6642\u671f\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u751f\u793e\u6703\u5730\u4f4d\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5e2b\u7bc4\u5927\u5b78\u6b77\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002<br \/>\n\u674e\u5b87\u5b99\uff0c1997\uff0c\u3008\u300c\u5085\u6c0f\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u300d\u4e03\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u5f8c\uff1a\u7576\u4ee3\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u89c0\u3009\uff0c\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2 1\uff1a1\uff1a81-82\u3002<br \/>\n\u5289\u4ecb\u4fee\u3001\u5289\u514b\u660e\uff0c2004\uff0c\u3008\u53f0\u7063\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u5be6\u8e10\u521d\u63a2\u3009\uff0c\u91ab\u5b78\u6559\u80b2 8\uff1a4\uff1a371-382\u3002<\/p>\n<p>?<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/cpaper-blog.blogspot.com\/2010\/01\/blog-post_9101.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u5fae\u5f31\u7684\u706b\u5149\u2014\u5b78\u751f\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u5b78\u7fd2\u7a7a\u9593<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u3001<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/cpaper-blog.blogspot.com\/2010\/01\/toor-not-to_12.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u53f0\u5927\u610f\u8b58\u5831029\u520a\u91ab\u5b78\u4eba\u6587\u5c08\u984c<\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0 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