{"id":19284,"date":"2014-10-07T01:14:23","date_gmt":"2014-10-06T17:14:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19284"},"modified":"2017-07-29T15:14:57","modified_gmt":"2017-07-29T07:14:57","slug":"%e3%80%90%e9%a3%b2%e9%a3%9f%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e3%80%91%e4%b8%ad%e7%be%8e%e6%b4%b2%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e9%87%80%e9%85%92%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%aa%e7%82%ba%e5%8d%9a%e5%be%97%e4%b8%80%e9%86%89%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19284","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u98f2\u98df\u6587\u5316\u3011\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u4eba\u91c0\u9152\u4e0d\u53ea\u70ba\u535a\u5f97\u4e00\u9189\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u25a0\u56e0\u70ba\u7d30\u83cc\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u716e\u719f\u6216\u78e8\u788e\u7684\u7a40\u7269\u975c\u7f6e\u500b\u4e00\u5169\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u6c23\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a40\u7269\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u9175\u4f5c\u7528\uff08fermentation\uff09\u6210\u70ba\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u6771\u897f--\u9152\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u767c\u9175\u7522\u7269\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9152\uff09\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u660e\u3002\u80a5\u6c83\u6708\u5f4e\uff08Fertile Crescent\uff09\u7684\u4eba\u91c0\u9ea5\u9152\u3001\u8461\u8404\u9152\uff0c\u83ef\u5317\u5730\u5340\u7684\u4eba\u91c0\u7c73\u9152\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19285\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19285\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19285\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/220px-Pulquebottle.jpg\" alt=\"220px-Pulquebottle\" width=\"200\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/220px-Pulquebottle.jpg 220w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/220px-Pulquebottle-165x300.jpg 165w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19285\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">pulque\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u8449\u7da0\u8212<\/p>\n<p>\u57281521\u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4eba\u5f81\u670d\u963f\u8332\u7279\u514b\u4eba\uff08Aztec\uff09\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\u4ed6\u5011\u559d\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a31\u70bapulque\u7684\u9152\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9152\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u719f\u7684maguey\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u7684\u6c41\u6db2\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u767c\u9175\u800c\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ecf\u7a20\u7684\u98f2\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4f86\u88fd\u4f5cpulque\u7684\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\uff08<em>Agave americana<\/em>\uff0c\u8207\u88fd\u4f5c\u6709\u540d\u7684\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u9152tequila\u7684blue agave\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u5143\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u5c31\u5df2\u958b\u59cb\u6709\u4eba\u5de5\u7a2e\u690d\uff1b\u800c\u91ce\u751f\u7684maguey\u5247\u662f\u66f4\u65e9\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u5229\u7528\u3002\u9019\u985e\u7684\u690d\u7269\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u5e74\u958b\u82b1\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u751a\u81f3\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u624d\u958b\u4e00\u6b21\u82b1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u500b\u4fd7\u7a31\u53eb\u505acentury plant\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u300c\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u958b\u82b1\u4e00\u6b21\u300d\u7684\u690d\u7269\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5c31\u7b46\u8005\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u7d00\u9304\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f60\u5e74\uff0c\u9084\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u751f\u957712\u5e74\u7684maguey\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u7684\u6c41\u6db2\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7528\u4f86\u91c0\u9152\u3002\u5982\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u9019\u7b49\u9f90\u7136\u5927\u7269\uff0c\u8449\u5b50\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u53c8\u9577\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5c16\u523a\uff0c\u7576\u521d\u7684\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5011\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u767c\u73fe\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u8655\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u76ee\u524d\u8a8d\u70ba\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f9e\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u56d3\u9f52\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u5543\u54ac\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u5438\u53d6\u6c41\u6db2\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u9019\u7a2e\u690d\u7269\u6709\u6c41\u6db2\u53ef\u4ee5\u98f2\u7528\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19286\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19286\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19286\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Maguey.jpg\" alt=\"Maguey\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Maguey.jpg 640w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Maguey-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19286\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">maguey\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4e2d\u90e8\u9ad8\u539f\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5011\uff0cpulque\u9152\u662f\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4eba\u8ca0\u8cac\u91c0\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u5728Mayahuel\u5973\u795e\u548cMixcoatl\u795e\uff08Mixcoatl\u662f\u72e9\u7375\u4e4b\u795e\uff09\u7684\u6176\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u796d\u53f8\u548c\u6b89\u846c\u8005\u6703\u98f2\u7528pulque\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8cb4\u65cf\u548c\u796d\u53f8\u5728\u6176\u795d\u52dd\u5229\u6642\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u98f2\u7528\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5e73\u6c11\uff0c\u5247\u53ea\u6709\u8001\u4eba\u548c\u5b55\u5a66\u88ab\u5141\u8a31\u98f2\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cmaguey\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u662f\u53e4\u4ee3\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6700\u795e\u8056\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u690d\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5728\u795e\u8a71\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u5b83\u90fd\u4f54\u6709\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002pulque\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u5927\u7d04\u662f\u516c\u5143\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u57281968\u5e74\u51fa\u571f\u65bc\u666e\u57c3\u5e03\u62c9\uff08Puebla\uff09\u7684\u55ac\u76e7\u62c9\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\uff08the pyramid of Cholula\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u578b\u58c1\u756b\u300cpulque\u9152\u98f2\u8005\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u904e\u53bb\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u4eba\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u5c45\u4f4f\u65bc\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u8c37\u5730\uff08Valley of Mexico\uff09\u7684\u7279\u5967\u8482\u74e6\u574e\uff08Teotihuacan\uff09\u7684\u4eba\u5011\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7576\u5730\u5728\u6d77\u62d42200\u516c\u5c3a\u7684\u9ad8\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u9762\u81e8\u5bd2\u51b7\u7684\u51ac\u5929\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u96e8\u91cf\uff0c\u5a01\u8105\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7a40\u7269\u6536\u6210\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u4e5f\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u91c0\u9152\u4e86\u5427\uff1f\u4f46\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u4e00\u76f4\u7121\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u8b49\u64da\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u90a3\u88e1\u7684\u4eba\u559d\u9152--\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u559dpulque\uff08tequila\u662f\u5728\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4eba\u5e36\u5165\u84b8\u993e\u6280\u8853\u5f8c\u624d\u6709\u7684\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19287\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19287\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19287\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/300px-View_from_Pyramide_de_la_luna.jpg\" alt=\"\u7279\u5967\u8482\u74e6\u574e\uff08Teotihuacan\uff09\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u7279\u5967\u8482\u74e6\u574e\uff08Teotihuacan\uff09\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u570b\u969b\u5718\u968a\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u8b49\u660e\uff1a\u7279\u5967\u8482\u74e6\u574e\u5730\u5340\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u91c0\u9020pulque\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u53e4\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u7279\u5967\u8482\u74e6\u574e\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u9676\u74f7\u7684\u58fa\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u7528\u904e\u6a39\u8102\uff08resin\uff09\u8655\u7406\u4f86\u9632\u6f0f\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u58fa\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4eba\u7528\u4f86\u91c0\u9152\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u6c23\u76f8\u5c64\u6790\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u9019\u4e9b\u58fa\u88e1\u9762\u6b98\u7559\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u58fa\u88e1\u9762\u542b\u6709<em>Zymomonas mobilis<\/em>\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7269\uff08complex hopanoids\uff09\u3002\u800c<em>Zymomonas mobilis<\/em>\u6b63\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u88fd\u4f5cpulque\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\uff1b\u5b83\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u7528\u4f86\u91c0\u9020pulque\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u4e5f\u7528\u9019\u96bb\u83cc\u4f86\u91c0\u9020\u68d5\u6ada\u9152\uff08palm wine\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5564\u9152\u8ddf\u860b\u679c\u9152\uff08cider\uff09\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6703\u5bb3\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u9152\u58de\u6389\u5594\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bcpulque\u9019\u7a2e\u9152\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6fc3\u7a20\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u8aaa\u559d\u4e00\u676f\u5c31\u98fd\u4e86\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5967\u8482\u74e6\u574e\u91c0\u9020pulque\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u98f2\u6599\u7684\u7528\u9014\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u7562\u7adf\u57282200\u516c\u5c3a\u7684\u9ad8\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7389\u7c73\u548c\u8c46\u985e\u70ba\u4e3b\u98df\u7684\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6d32\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5011\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u6eab\u98fd\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u4e7e\u65f1\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6maguey\u9f8d\u820c\u862d\u7684\u6c41\u6db2\u88fd\u4f5cpulque\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9664\u4e86\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u4f11\u9592\u6027\u98f2\u7528\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u89e3\u98e2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff1a2014\/9\/15.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/news.sciencemag.org\/archaeology\/2014\/09\/drinking-teotihuacan?rss=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Drinking up at Teotihuacan<\/a>. Science Now.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>--<br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8449\u7da0\u8212\u3000\u6148\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u56e0\u70ba\u7d30\u83cc\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":19285,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,791,1026],"tags":[1448,1450,1449],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/220px-Pulquebottle.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19284"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19284"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29028,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19284\/revisions\/29028"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}