{"id":19247,"date":"2014-10-03T01:01:34","date_gmt":"2014-10-02T17:01:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19247"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:16:51","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:16:51","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%a4%a7%e4%ba%ba%e7%89%a9%e3%80%91%e6%b3%95%e6%8b%89%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%8d%e7%82%ba%e4%ba%ba%e7%9f%a5%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e9%9d%a2%ef%bc%88%e4%b9%9d%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19247","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u5927\u4eba\u7269\u3011\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff08\u4e5d\uff09\uff1a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u548c\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u25a0\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7372\u5f97\u51fa\u81ea\u300c \u7d93\u9a57\u5b78\u8005\u300d\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u548c\u5efa\u8a00\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u7a00\u5947\uff0c\u4f46\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u662f\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u53d7\u4ed6\u95dc\u7167\u7684\u9818\u57df\u9664\u4e86\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u7926\u707d\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u6c59\u67d3\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u507d\u79d1\u5b78\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19251\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19251\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19251\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f0.png\" alt=\"f0\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f0.png 513w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f0-300x187.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19251\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u745e\u58eb\u65c5\u904a\u6642\u66fe\u5230\u8a2a\u7684\u4e0a\u970d\u82ac(Oberhofen) \u6839\u64da\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u672d\u8a18\u4ed6\u57281841\u5e747\u670819\u65e5\u66fe\u8207\u59bb\u5b50\u838e\u62c9\u6563\u5f88\u9577\u7684\u6b65\u5230\u5716\u6069\u6e56(Lake Thun)\u7554\u7684\u5be7\u975c\u6751\u843d\u4e0a\u970d\u82ac\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u7af9\u5185\u656c\u4eba\uff08\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff09<br \/>\n<strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ec3\u90c1\u73ca\uff08\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u7406\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u59d4\u8a17\u8702\u64c1\u800c\u4f86<\/strong><br \/>\n\u672c\u9023\u8f09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u56de\u66fe\u63d0\u904e\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u63a8\u4e0d\u6389\u7684\u96dc\u52d9\u3002\u5149\u5b78\u73bb\u7483\u6539\u826f\u3001\u6cd5\u5ead\u8b49\u4eba\u3001\u71c8\u5854\u696d\u52d9\u9867\u554f\u2026\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u9084\u7b97\u662f\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u516c\u52d9\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u9084\u6709\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u59d4\u8a17\u5206\u6790\u696d\u52d9\u3002\u90a3\u6bb5\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u9084\u6210\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u984d\u5916\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8ca1\u6e90\u7684\u91d1\u984d\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ddf\u7576\u7d05\u91ab\u751f\u7684\u6536\u5165\u5339\u6575\u3002\u4e0d\u904e1830\u5e74\u4ee3\u7576\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u4e86\u8ecc\u9053\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u59d4\u8a17\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u8981\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u9084\u662f\u8981\u9322\u7684\u55ae\u7d14\u9078\u64c7\u984c\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6beb\u4e0d\u7336\u8c6b\u5730\u9078\u4e86\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u5f9e\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8072\u540d\u9d72\u8d77\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u95dc\u4fc2\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u59d4\u8a17\u6848\u5c31\u8702\u64c1\u800c\u4f86\u3002\u5c0d\u6b64\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u662f\u65e2\u7136\u5403\u4e86\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9019\u53e3\u516c\u5bb6\u98ef\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u9762\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u59d4\u8a17\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u4ed6\u9084\u5e74\u8f15\u6642\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u59d4\u8a17\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u6280\u8853\u6027\u7684\u6848\u5b50\u3002\u6f38\u6f38\u5730\uff0c\u6709\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u5c0d\u8ddf\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6c92\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u805e\u8072\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u5fb5\u6c42\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u898b\u548c\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7d66\u4eba\u5bb6\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u8ddf\u79d1\u5b78\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u80fd\u4ee5\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u7d66\u4e88\u6070\u7576\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u502b\u6566\u6709\u540d\u7684\u9ec3\u8272\u9727\u973e\u6240\u5230\u4e4b\u8655\u6c59\u67d3\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u570b\u7acb\u7f8e\u8853\u9928(\u8a3b1)\u548c\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928(\u8a3b2)\u56e0\u9928\u85cf\u5feb\u901f\u52a3\u8cea\u5316\u800c\u59d4\u8a17\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u64ec\u51fa\u5c0d\u7b56\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5f9e\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u662f\u7687\u5bb6\u5de5\u85dd\u8207\u5546\u696d\u5354\u6703(\u8a3b3)\u6703\u54e1\uff0c\u548c\u7f8e\u8853\u54c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u85dd\u54c1\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u6c92\u6709\u7de3\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19252\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19252\" style=\"width: 559px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19252 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f1.png\" alt=\"f1\" width=\"559\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f1.png 559w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f1-300x142.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 559px) 100vw, 559px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19252\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57161 \u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u6536\u85cf\u7684\u57c3\u723e\u91d1\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u96d5\u50cf PHOTO:Andrew Dunn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u91dd\u5c0d\u570b\u7acb\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u4e2d\u8cb4\u91cd\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u9ad2\u6c61\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6559\u4eba\u7528\u9152\u7cbe\u5148\u53bb\u9664\u756b\u4f5c\u8868\u9762\u7684\u4eae\u5149\u6f06\uff0c\u8b93\u7e6a\u756b\u6062\u5fa9\u5230\u63a5\u8fd1\u539f\u672c\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u4fee\u5fa9\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u9084\u66fe\u7d93\u548c\u7576\u6642\u82f1\u570b\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7f8e\u8853\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u62c9\u65af\u91d1(\u8a3b4)\u767c\u751f\u8ad6\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u88e1\u7684\u57c3\u723e\u91d1\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u96d5\u50cf(\u8a3b5)\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u70ba\u6578\u773e\u591a\u7684\u53c3\u89c0\u4eba\u6f6e\u5e36\u5165\u7070\u5875\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ec3\u8272\u9727\u973e\u88e1\u6240\u542b\u786b\u9178\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u660e\u986f\u6c59\u67d3\u800c\u4e14\u7522\u751f\u7d30\u5c0f\u7684\u9f9c\u88c2\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e00\u9762\u7528\u6d77\u7dbf\u3001\u624b\u6307\u6216\u5237\u5b50\u6cbe\u7a00\u785d\u9178\u3001\u5f31\u9e7c\u6216\u5f37\u9e7c\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u76e1\u91cf\u6e05\u6f54\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u52f8\u544a\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7576\u5c40\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\u5c55\u51fa\u5341\u5206\u7684\u4e0d\u9069\u7576\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5230\u502b\u6566\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u53c3\u89c0\u570b\u7acb\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u548c\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u8b9a\u5606\u7684\u9928\u85cf\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u60f3\u8d77\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u667a\u6167\u66fe\u5728\u90a3\u908a\u505a\u51fa\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19253\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19253\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19253\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f2.png\" alt=\"f2\" width=\"300\" height=\"357\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f2.png 398w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f2-252x300.png 252w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19253\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57162 \u6234\u7dad\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u71c8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u7926\u5751\u707d\u5bb3\u7684\u5c0d\u7b56<\/strong><br \/>\n\u56e0\u61c9\u7926\u5751\u707d\u5bb3\u7684\u5c0d\u7b56\u7279\u5225\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u7684\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u7164\u70ad\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\u4e0d\u65b7\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u7164\u70ad\u7684\u5e74\u7522\u91cf\u57281750-1755\u5e74\u70ba423\u842c\u5678\uff0c\u5230\u4e861805-1810\u5e74\u7adf\u9054\u52301479\u842c\u5678\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u5b57\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\u56e0\u70ba\u904e\u5ea6\u958b\u63a1\u5c0e\u81f4\u7926\u5751\u4e8b\u6545\u8b8a\u5f97\u983b\u7e41\u3002\u7926\u5751\u696d\u8005\u627e\u6234\u7dad\u5e6b\u5fd9\u5c0b\u6c42\u9632\u6b62\u4e8b\u6545\u5c0d\u7b56\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc1821\u5e745\u670825\u65e5\u767c\u751f\u7684Felling Colliery(\u8a3b6)\u7926\u707d\u3002\u9019\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u9020\u621092\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u670937\u4eba\u662f17\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5c0f\u5b69\uff0c\u6700\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u7f79\u96e3\u8005\u5e74\u50c5\u4e5d\u6b72\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u6642\u7926\u5751\u5167\u4f7f\u7528\u660e\u706b\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u8a8d\u5751\u5167\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u71c3\uff0c\u6703\u5728\u4e00\u6839\u68d2\u5b50\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u5b89\u4e0a\u9ede\u71c3\u7684\u881f\u71ed\uff0c\u7531\u57f7\u68d2\u7684\u4eba\u5e36\u9818\u7926\u5de5\u5011\u524d\u9032\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6975\u5ea6\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u6234\u7dad\u5728\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u7926\u5751\u5167\u7684\u7532\u70f7\u4f9d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u548c\u7a7a\u6c23\u6df7\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u6c23\u9ad4\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u89f8\u706b\u6216\u9ad8\u6eab\u71b1\u6e90\u6642\u6703\u767c\u751f\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9019\u500b\u767c\u73fe\u800c\u767c\u660e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7926\u71c8\u5177\u6709\u7528\u7d30\u5bc6\u7684\u9435\u7d72\u7db2\u5305\u8986\u71c8\u706b\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u4e86\u7532\u70f7\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u9032\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u71c8\u6642\u6703\u88ab\u9435\u7d72\u7db2\u51b7\u537b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7121\u6cd5\u9054\u5230\u71c3\u9ede\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7576\u9435\u7d72\u7db2\u8b8a\u7d05\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8b66\u793a\u7532\u70f7\u542b\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u529f\u7528\u3002\u6234\u7dad\u89aa\u81ea\u9032\u5230\u7926\u5751\u5167\u6e2c\u8a66\u5b89\u5168\u71c8\u7684\u6548\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u7533\u8acb\u5c08\u5229\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u505a\u4e8b\u614b\u5ea6\u5f8c\u4f86\u90fd\u6210\u70ba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u699c\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5169\u4eba\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7926\u707d\u4ecd\u672a\u6e1b\u5c11\u3002\u7926\u5751\u8001\u95c6\u70ba\u4e86\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7164\u70ad\uff0c\u7926\u5751\u8d8a\u6316\u8d8a\u6df1\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u9084\u767c\u751f\u904e\u56e0\u70ba\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u71c8\u9ede\u83f8\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u7576\u884c\u70ba\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u7926\u707d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1844\u5e749\u670828\u65e5Hasewell Cooliery (\u8a3b7)\u7926\u5751\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u6b77\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u707d\u8b8a\uff0c\u9020\u621095\u4eba\u72a7\u7272\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u7576\u5929\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9032\u5165\u7926\u5751\u768410\u6b72\u5c11\u5e74\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u6158\u6848\u7d44\u6210\u4e86\u8abf\u67e5\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u4e26\u4efb\u547d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8207\u840a\u723e(\u8a3b8)\u70ba\u59d4\u4efb\u5c08\u5bb6\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5df2\u7d93\u5e74\u8fd150\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u7729\u6688\u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u6e1b\u9000\u6240\u82e6 (\u8a73\u60c5\u6703\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u56de\u9023\u8f09\u4e2d\u6558\u8ff0) \u3002\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u624d\u85c9\u7531\u4f11\u990a\u548c\u6613\u5730\u7642\u6cd5\u525b\u525b\u6062\u5fa9\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u6b63\u8981\u56de\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u5d17\u4f4d\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6027\u683c\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u4f86\u7684\u59d4\u62d6\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u62d2\u7d55\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u524d\u5f80\u51fa\u4e8b\u7926\u5751\u6240\u5728\u7684Durham \u89aa\u81ea\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u51fa\u5e2d\u8abf\u67e5\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u9673\u8ff0\u5c08\u696d\u610f\u898b\u3002\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u6307\u51fa\u4e8b\u6545\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7164\u7926\u7c89\u672b\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u7c89\u5875\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4e26\u672a\u89f8\u53ca\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c0d\u7b56\u548c\u7d93\u71df\u8005\u8207\u7926\u5de5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7b49\u7b49\u793e\u6703\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7576\u6642\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u6b64\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e5f\u50c5\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u5fc5\u9808\u6539\u5584\u63db\u6c23\u8a2d\u65bd\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5c08\u5bb6\u53c3\u8207\u4e8b\u6545\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u9084\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19254\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19254\" style=\"width: 553px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19254 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f3.png\" alt=\"f3\" width=\"553\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f3.png 553w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f3-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19254\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57163 Oaks\u7926\u5751\u7684\u7206\u70b8\u4e8b\u6545(1866\u5e74)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7926\u707d\u4ecd\u6301\u7e8c\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u9084\u5728\u4e16\u76841866\u5e7412\u670812\u65e5\u767c\u751f\u7684 Oaks Colliery(\u8a3b9)\u7926\u707d(\u57163)\u4e2d\u6709388\u4eba\u72a7\u7272\uff1b1913\u5e7410\u670814\u65e5\u5a01\u723e\u65af\u7684 Senghenyd Colliery(\u8a3b10)\u7926\u707d\u751a\u81f3\u9020\u6210439\u4eba\u55aa\u751f\u3002\u4e8b\u6545\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u7164\u78b3\u7c89\u5875\u6216\u7c89\u5875\u8207\u7532\u70f7\u5169\u8005\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u662f\u6234\u7dad\u548c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u65e9\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u8abf\u67e5\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u7926\u5751\u7d93\u71df\u8005\u5373\u4f7f\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u537b\u9084\u662f\u7121\u8996\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5371\u96aa\uff0c\u81ea\u884c\u5176\u662f\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5728\u7d93\u71df\u502b\u7406\u524d\u7adf\u986f\u5f97\u8edf\u5f31\u7121\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19255\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19255\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19255\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f4.png\" alt=\"f4\" width=\"300\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f4.png 370w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f4-205x300.png 205w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19255\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57164 \u63cf\u7e6a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8abf\u67e5\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u767c\u81ed\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8af7\u523a\u756b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u767c\u81ed\u7684\u554f\u984c<\/strong><br \/>\n1855\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u8b8a\u5f97\u81ed\u4e0d\u53ef\u8010\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u53d7\u4e86\u59d4\u8a17\u9084\u662f\u81ea\u767c\u6027\u7684\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u524d\u5f80\u8003\u5bdf\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u767c\u81ed\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u7d50\u679c\u6295\u7a3f\u5230\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u5831\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5750\u8457\u84b8\u6c23\u8239\u5f80\u8fd4\u65bcLondon bridge\u8207Hungerford bridge \u4e4b\u9593\u8abf\u67e5\u6c59\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8996\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u5019\u4e26\u975e\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u505a\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8aaa\u5c07\u767d\u7d19\u6fe1\u6fd5\u6d78\u5230\u6cb3\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4e0b\u6c89\u4e0d\u52303\u516c\u5206\u6df1\u5c31\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7d19\u4e86\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7d50\u8ad6\u6574\u689d\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u90fd\u6210\u4e86\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u3002\u6cb3\u5ddd\u767c\u81ed\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u773e\u4eba\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u66fe\u7d93\u7206\u767c\u970d\u4e82\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u75c5\u6e90\u7d93\u7531\u7a7a\u6c23\u6563\u64ad\u662f\u7576\u6642\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u7576\u6642\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ed\u6c23\uff0c\u5373\u53d7\u6c59\u67d3\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u6613\u9020\u6210\u75be\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4f4d\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u767c\u8a00\u81ea\u7136\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5831\u5c0e\u3002Punch\u9031\u520a(\u8a3b11)\u65bc1855\u5e747\u670821\u65e5\u520a\u8f09\u7684\u8af7\u523a\u6f2b\u756b\u66f4\u662f\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u5091\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60e1\u81ed\u7684\u6210\u56e0\u6709\u8a31\u591a\uff0c\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u7adf\u662f\u6c96\u6c34\u99ac\u6876\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5c4b\u5167\u96d6\u7136\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u6c96\u6c34\u99ac\u6876\uff0c \u914d\u5957\u7684\u4e0b\u6c34\u9053\u7cfb\u7d71\u537b\u5c1a\u672a\u6574\u5099\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u6c59\u6c34\u5c31\u5168\u90e8\u76f4\u63a5\u6392\u653e\u5230\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u88e1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u7684\u767c\u81ed\u554f\u984c\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u9577\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u57281858\u5e74\u56e0\u70ba\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u592a\u81ed\u4e86\uff0c\u6cf0\u6664\u58eb\u6cb3\u9084\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5927\u60e1\u81ed(\u8a3b12)\u300d\u5728\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u6c59\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5c0d\u684c\u9748\u8f49\u7684\u6279\u5224<\/strong><br \/>\n\u7b46\u8005\u5c0f\u6642\u5019\u66fe\u7d93\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u73a9\u904e\u5e7e\u6b21\u72d0\u72d7\u72f8\u6851(\u8b6f\u8a3b:\u30b3\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u3055\u3093\u65e5\u672c\u985e\u4f3c\u9322\u4ed9\u3001\u72d0\u4ed9\u3001\u7b46\u4ed9\u7684\u904a\u6232)\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u6210\u529f\u904e\u3002\u72d0\u72d7\u72f8\u6851\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u70ba\u6d41\u884c\u65bc\u6b50\u7f8e\u7684\u684c\u9748\u8f49(\u8a3b13)\u30021850\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u684c\u9748\u8f49\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u50b3\u81f3\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u4e26\u7acb\u523b\u5927\u70ba\u98a8\u884c (\u57165)\u3002\u904a\u6232\u4e2d\u653e\u5728\u684c\u4e0a\u7684\u624b\u6216\u662f\u684c\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u6703\u52d5\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5728\u7576\u6642\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u684c\u5b50\u662f\u548c\u9748\u9b42\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u73a9\u904a\u6232\u7684\u4eba\u7167\u8457\u9806\u5e8f\u8aaa\u51fa\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u8aaa\u5230\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u684c\u5b50\u5c31\u6703\u50be\u659c\uff0c\u91cd\u8907\u9019\u4e9b\u6b65\u9a5f\u5c31\u80fd\u62fc\u6e4a\u51fa\u55ae\u5b57\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19256\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19256\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19256\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f5.png\" alt=\"f5\" width=\"500\" height=\"322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f5.png 542w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f5-300x193.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19256\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57165 \u73a9\u684c\u9748\u8f49\u7684\u4eba\u5011<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u8a31\u591a\u6709\u540d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u5927\u6982\u5c71\u5fb7\u9580\u6559\u6d3e\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u7a2e\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5bb9\u8eab\u4e4b\u8655\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u6642\u5019\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e5f\u7528\u7368\u5275\u7684\u88dd\u7f6e\u4f86\u505a\u5be6\u9a57\u3002\u4ed6\u7528\u5169\u584a\u677f\u5b50\u593e\u4f4f\u73bb\u7483\u73e0(\u8b6f\u8a3b: \u539f\u6587glass roller, \u61c9\u662f\u73bb\u7483\u6efe\u8ef8) \u3002\u7528\u6a61\u76ae\u7b4b\u7d81\u597d\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u677f\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u677f\u5b50\u505a\u76f8\u5c0d\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u88dd\u7f6e\u4e0a\u9084\u76f4\u7acb\u56fa\u5b9a\u67af\u8349\u6897\uff0c\u4ee5\u986f\u793a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u677f\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u7522\u751f\u6ed1\u52d5\u3002\u7528\u9019\u500b\u88dd\u7f6e\u4f86\u73a9\u684c\u9748\u8f49\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u79fb\u52d5\u684c\u5b50\u7684\u662f\u624b\u6307\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u662f\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u808c\u8089\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u4e0d\u55ae\u55ae\u662f\u684c\u9748\u8f49\u3002\u4fe1\u5949\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u6b7b\u5f8c\u6703\u4ee5\u9748\u9b42\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6216\u548c\u6d3b\u8457\u7684\u4eba\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9023\u7e6b\u8005\u5927\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u6d41\u5b78\u8005\u4f8b\u5982\u8207\u672c\u9023\u8f09\u95dc\u4fc2\u5f88\u6df1\u7684\u4e00\u6d41\u5b78\u8005\u514b\u9b6f\u514b\u65af(\u8a3b14)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540d\u4eba\u5982\u67ef\u5357\u9053\u723e(\u8a3b15)\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19257\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19257\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19257\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f6.png\" alt=\"f6\" width=\"300\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f6.png 373w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/f6-289x300.png 289w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19257\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u57166 \u67ef\u5357\u30fb\u9053\u723e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u5c0d\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5efa\u8a00<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5c0d\u7406\u79d1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u95dc\u5fc3\u4e26\u4e0d\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u8056\u8a95\u7bc0\u6f14\u8b1b\u6703\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u4ed6\u9577\u5e74\u64d4\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u58eb\u5b98\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u56e0\u70ba\u81ea\u502b\u6566\u5927\u5b78\u5275\u6821\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c31\u64d4\u4efb\u8a55\u8b6f\u54e1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u7b97\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u6559\u5c0e\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u9084\u662f\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1854\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u738b\u592b\u4e9e\u4f2f\u7279\u89aa\u738b(\u8a3b16)\u4e5f\u89aa\u81e8\u73fe\u5834\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4ee5\u300c\u5c0d\u667a\u80fd\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf(\u8a3b17)\u300d\u70ba\u984c\u9032\u884c\u6f14\u8aaa\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6558\u8ff0\uff1a\u300c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u662f\u6839\u64da\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u5beb\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7576\u4f5c\u201dExperimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics\u201d\u6536\u5c3e\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u518d\u5ea6\u6536\u9304\u65bc\u5377\u672b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4e2d\u5b78\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u9032\u884c\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u9019\u500b\u72c0\u6cc1\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u597d\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u30021862\u5e74\u6709\u500b\u8a0e\u8ad6\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821(\u8a3b18)\u6559\u80b2\u554f\u984c\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7d44\u7e54\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c11\u670818\u65e5\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4ee5\u8b49\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u9673\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ed6\u5728\u958b\u5834\u767d\u4e2d\u5148\u9673\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u4e26\u672a\u53d7\u904e\u6b63\u898f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u6558\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8ad6\u9ede\u3002\u300c\u6211\u5c0d\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u4e8b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u662f\u5f88\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6559\u5c0e\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u5be6\u5728\u662f\u592a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u672c\u4f86\u5b78\u6821\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u6559\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4eba\u751f\u5f88\u77ed\u66ab\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u751f\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u6975\u7aef\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u53d7\u904e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c0d\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6771\u897f\u537b\u9023\u6975\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u73fe\u72c0\u662f\u541d\u65bc\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u57f9\u990a\u7406\u6027\u3002\u5f9e\u524d\u63d0\u5f15\u5c0e\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u660e\u8fa8\u771f\u507d\uff0c\u64a5\u4e82\u53cd\u6b63\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u63a8\u8ad6\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u932f\u8aa4\u8d8a\u8b8a\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u9019\u8207\u5be6\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u6642\u6240\u79c9\u6301\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u6559\u5c0e\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u537b\u8f15\u8996\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u767e\u5bb3\u800c\u7121\u4e00\u5229\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u8981\u57f9\u990a\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6559\u80b2\u984c\u6750\u6bd4\u5f97\u4e0a\u5b78\u7fd2\u5305\u542b\u652f\u914d\u9020\u7269\u8005\u6240\u5275\u4e4b\u842c\u7269\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u842c\u7269\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6027\u8207\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u529b\u3002\u5728\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u63a5\u53d7\u4ee5\u53e4\u5178\u8a9e\u6559\u80b2\u70ba\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5c08\u5bb6\u5373\u4f7f\u5b8c\u6210\u5b78\u696d\uff0c\u9023\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u9818\u57df\u4ecd\u662f\u5168\u7136\u7121\u77e5\u7adf\u7136\u4e5f\u4e0d\u81ea\u77e5\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u7576\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6210\u679c\u7d42\u65bc\u958b\u59cb\u7522\u751f\u5168\u9762\u6027\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u59d1\u4e14\u4e0d\u8ad6\u7576\u6642\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u5c1a\u672a\u5145\u5206\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e5f\u662f\u7121\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5427\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5c31\u7b97\u904e\u4e86\u5c07\u8fd1100\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u65af\u8afe(\u8a3b19)\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u5169\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u300b(Two Cultures) (\u8a3b20)\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u6839\u672c\u5730\u89e3\u6c7a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u2605\u4e0b\u56de\u9810\u544a\u300c<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=19617\" target=\"_blank\">\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6548\u679c\u8207\u53cd\u78c1\u6027<\/a>\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n*1 National Gallery.<br \/>\n*2 British Museum.<br \/>\n*3 \u6b63\u5f0f\u540d\u7a31\u70ba <em>Royal Society for the Encouragement of Art, Manufacture and Commerce: 1847<\/em><em>\u5e74\u5949\u6555\u547d\u72c0\u5275\u7acb<\/em>\u3002 \u4e26\u975e\u53ea\u6709\u5982\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e9e\u7576\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af(Adam Smith)\u548c\u99ac\u514b\u601d(Karl Marx)\u7b49\u793e\u6703\u5b78\u5bb6\u52a0\u5165\u3002<br \/>\n*4 John Ruskin (1819-1900) \ufe55\u82f1\u570b\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\uff0c\u7f8e\u8853\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u3002\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u54c1\u70ba\u300e\u829d\u9ebb\u8207\u767e\u5408\u300f\u3002<br \/>\n*5 Elgin Marbles, The Parthenon Marbles: \u539f\u4f86\u662f\u88dd\u98fe\u96c5\u5178\u5e15\u5fb7\u5ae9\u795e\u5edf\u7684\u96d5\u523b\uff0c\u57281800\u5e74\u88ab\u82f1\u570b\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u57c3\u723e\u91d1 (Thomas Bruce, 7<sup>th<\/sup> Earl of Elgin) \u5e36\u56de\u82f1\u570b\uff0c\u73fe\u65bc\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5c55\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u672c\u9023\u8f09\u6578\u6b21\u767b\u5834\u7684\u62dc\u502b\u66fe\u6fc0\u70c8\u6279\u8a55\u9019\u7a2e\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u63a0\u596a\u3002<br \/>\n*6 Felling Colliery.<br \/>\n*7 Haswell Colliery.<br \/>\n*8 Sir Charles Lyell, 1<sup>st<\/sup> Baronet (1797-1875): \u82f1\u570b\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u8457\u6709\u300e\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u300f\uff0c\u63a8\u5ee3\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u201d\u5747\u8b8a\u8ad6\u201d(uniformitarianism)\u3002<br \/>\n*9 Oaks Colliery.<br \/>\n*10 Senghenyd Colliery.<br \/>\n*11 Punch, or the London Charivari: 1841\u5e74\u5275\u520a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e7d\u9ed8\u8207\u8af7\u523a\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u9031\u520a\u30021840\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f31850\u5e74\u4ee3\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u30021992\u5e74\u5ee2\u520a\u3002\u66fe\u65bc1996-2002\u5e74\u9593\u66ab\u6642\u5fa9\u520a\u3002<br \/>\n*12 The Great Stink.<br \/>\n*13 Table-turning.<br \/>\n*14 Sir William Crookes (1832 - 1919): \u82f1\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u514b\u9b6f\u514b\u65af\u7ba1\u3002<br \/>\n*15 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859 - 1930): \u82f1\u570b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u3002\u5851\u9020\u590f\u6d1b\u514b\u30fb\u798f\u723e\u6469\u65af(Sherlock Holmes)\u4e00\u89d2\u3002<br \/>\n*16 Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Saxe-Coburg Gotha (1819 - 1861): \u738b\u592bprince consort\u3002\u5728\u5176\u7956\u570b\u5fb7\u570b\u53d7\u904e\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5c0a\u656c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u3002<br \/>\n*17 \u201cObservation on Mental Education\u201d in \u201cExperimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics,\u201d p. 463-491.<br \/>\n*18 Public school: \u76f4\u8b6f\u70ba\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5728\u57f9\u990a\u7cbe\u82f1\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u5177\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u57f9\u990a\u5fd7\u5728\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u8207\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u79c1\u7acb (\u4ee5\u524d\u662f\u5168\u9ad4\u4f4f\u5bbf\u5f0f) \u5b78\u6821\u3002<br \/>\n*19 Charles Percy Snow (1905 - 1980): \u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u3002<br \/>\n*20 \u201cThe two cultures\u201d\u53f0\u8b6f\u672c\u6709: \u67e5\u723e\u65af\u535a\u65af\u53f2\u8afe (Charles Percy Snow)\u8457\uff0c\u6797\u5fd7\u6210\uff0c\u5289\u85cd\u7389\u8b6f\uff0c\u300e\u5169\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u300f\uff0c\u8c93\u982d\u9df9\u51fa\u7248\u90e8(2000)<\/p>\n<p><strong>--<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> \u539f\u6587\u51fa\u8655\uff1a\u9023\u8f09\u65bc\u300e\u5316\u5b66\u300f\uff0c68\uff085\uff09\uff0c22\uff082013\uff09\uff08\u5316\u5b66\u540c\u4eba\u793e\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong> \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u7af9\u5167\u30fb\u656c\u4eba Takeuchi Yoshito\uff0c\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\u3002 1962\u5e74\u53d6\u5f97\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u5927\u5b78\u9662\u7406\u5b78\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong> \u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1a\u9673\u7af9\u4ead\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u7372\u5f97\u51fa\u81ea\u300c \u7d93\u9a57\u5b78\u8005\u300d\u7684\u8a55<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":19302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,1042],"tags":[2249,1067,1638,2258],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Oberhofen.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19247"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19247\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26256,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19247\/revisions\/26256"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19302"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}