{"id":18990,"date":"2014-09-04T02:13:56","date_gmt":"2014-09-03T18:13:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=18990"},"modified":"2017-07-29T15:27:35","modified_gmt":"2017-07-29T07:27:35","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%bf%83%e7%90%86%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e3%80%91%e5%a5%b3%e7%94%9f%e6%af%94%e8%bc%83%e4%b8%8d%e6%9c%83%e4%b8%8b%e6%a3%8b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=18990","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5fc3\u7406\u5206\u6790\u3011\u5973\u751f\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u6703\u4e0b\u68cb\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u25a0\u5973\u751f\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u6703\u4e0b\u68cb\uff1f\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u56c9\uff01\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5973\u751f\u4e0b\u68cb\u6642\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18991\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18991\" style=\"width: 280px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18991\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/D2946B93-5956-4B91-A1BB525EBA22405D_article.jpg\" alt=\"D2946B93-5956-4B91-A1BB525EBA22405D_article\" width=\"280\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/D2946B93-5956-4B91-A1BB525EBA22405D_article.jpg 277w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/D2946B93-5956-4B91-A1BB525EBA22405D_article-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18991\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit: CandyBoxImages via Thinkstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/are-girls-bad-at-chess\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Daisy Grewal<br \/>\n<\/a><strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff5c<\/strong> \u6797\u6021\u5fb7<\/p>\n<p>\u5225\u518d\u7528\u300c\u7537\u5f37\u5973\u5f31\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5973\u751f\u6578\u7406\u6bd4\u8f03\u5dee\u300d\u7b49\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u6846\u4f4f\u5b69\u5b50\u4e86\uff01\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u5a01\u8105(stereotype 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Rothgerber\u548cKatie Wolsiefer\u5c55\u958b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\u6bd4\u8cfd\u4e2d\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u5b69\u5011\u662f\u5426\u6703\u53d7\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u5a01\u8105\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u89c0\u5bdf77\u540d\u5e74\u9f61\u4ecb\u65bc6\u6b72\u81f311\u6b72\u7684\u5973\u5b69\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5979\u5011\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u300c\u7537\u751f\u6bd4\u8f03\u6703\u4e0b\u68cb\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u6536\u96c6\u4e26\u5206\u6790\u7f8e\u570b\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\u5354<!--more-->\u6703(United States Chess Federation, USCF)\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u570b\u5c0f\u81f3\u9ad8\u4e2d\u66fe\u53c3\u52a0\u904e12\u5834\u6bd4\u8cfd\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u9078\u624b\u3002\u4e14\u70ba\u4e86\u7d0d\u5165\u300c\u7537\u5973\u9078\u624b\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u7537\u5b50\u9078\u624b\u6642\u7686\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73fe\u6bd4\u5e73\u5e38\u5dee\u300d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u7d44\u5e74\u8f15\u7537\u5b50\u9078\u624b\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5229\u7528\u7f8e\u570b\u897f\u6d0b\u68cb\u5354\u6703\u6839\u64da\u5404\u9078\u624b\u904e\u5f80\u8868\u73fe\u6240\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8cfd\u524d\u8a55\u6bd4(preratings)\uff0c\u4f86\u6e2c\u8a66\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u5a01\u8105\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4e26\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u8a55\u6bd4\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4f4d\u9078\u624b\u6bcf\u5834\u6bd4\u8cfd\u4e2d\u7684\u9810\u671f\u7372\u52dd\u6bd4\u7387\uff0c\u518d\u6bd4\u8f03\u9810\u671f\u7372\u52dd\u6bd4\u7387\u548c\u5be6\u969b\u7372\u52dd\u6bd4\u7387(100%\u7372\u52dd\uff1b50%\u5e73\u624b\uff1b0%\u8f38)\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\u7576\u9762\u5c0d\u7537\u5b50\u9078\u624b\uff0c\u5973\u5b50\u9078\u624b\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u9810\u671f\u7372\u52dd\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u7a2e\u60c5\u5f62\u53ea\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u4e2d\u7b49\u5c0d\u624b\u6216\u5f37\u624b\u6642\u624d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u65b7\u66dd\u9732\u65bc\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u5a01\u8105\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u4f7f\u4eba\u907f\u958b\u6703\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5973\u6027\u6703\u9078\u64c7\u907f\u958b\u6578\u7406\u76f8\u95dc\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6b32\u89c0\u5bdf\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u5b50\u9078\u624b\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u6703\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\uff0cRothgerber\u548cWolsiefer\u9694\u5e74\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8ffd\u8e64\u770b\u5979\u5011\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u5e7e\u5834\u6bd4\u8cfd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u8868\u73fe\u6bd4\u9810\u671f\u7d50\u679c\u5dee\u7684\u9078\u624b\u5728\u9694\u5e74\u6703\u53c3\u52a0\u8f03\u5c11\u5834\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u7b49\u5f85\u8f03\u4e45\u624d\u518d\u5ea6\u53c3\u8cfd\uff1b\u53cd\u89c0\u7537\u5b50\u9078\u624b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u65e5\u5f8c\u7684\u53c3\u8cfd\u610f\u9858\u3002\u7e3d\u7d50\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8868\u73fe\u6bd4\u9810\u671f\u5dee\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u9078\u624b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u653e\u68c4\u4e0b\u68cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u8f03\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u4eba\u52d5\u6416\uff0c\u4e26\u8b93\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u751f\u63d0\u65e9\u653e\u68c4\u67d0\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u70ba\u9632\u6b62\u5973\u6027\u653e\u68c4\u67d0\u4e9b\u793e\u6703\u5df2\u6709\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u548c\u8001\u5e2b\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u61c9\u8a72\u9069\u6642\u63d0\u65e9\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u5e7e\u9805\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4f86\u5c0d\u6297\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u5973\u751f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e7e\u4f4d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5973\u6027\u68cb\u58eb\u4f5c\u70ba\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u4e26\u5411\u5979\u5011\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u85c9\u7531\u4e0d\u65b7\u7df4\u7fd2\u4f86\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u9760\u5929\u8ce6\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u597d\u68cb\u624b\u5177\u5099\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u2014\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5c08\u6ce8\u529b\u90fd\u8207\u6027\u5225\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5be6\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5973\u751f\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6578\u7406\u8f03\u5dee\uff0c\u4f46\u7537\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u7d30\u5fc3\u3001\u4e0d\u8cbc\u5fc3\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u5177\u85dd\u8853\u5929\u4efd\u3002Rothgerber\u548cWolsiefer\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\u6027\u5225\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u5c0f\u6642\u5c31\u5c0d\u5176\u8208\u8da3\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6027\u5225\u5dee\u7570\u770b\u4f86\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u96b1\u542b\u7684\u6027\u5225\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u963b\u7919\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u5f9e\u4e8b\u67d0\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u6a02\u8da3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u9f13\u52f5\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u5931\u53bb\u67d0\u500b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5091\u51fa\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u548c\u8001\u5e2b\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u53ca\u65e9\u6559\u80b2\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8f15\u6613\u653e\u68c4\u81ea\u5df1\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c07\u4f86\u5bb6\u88e1\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u5433\u5065\u96c4(\u5973\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u88ab\u55bb\u70ba\u6838\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5973\u738b)\u6216\u662f\u5433\u5b63\u525b(\u7537\u6027\u670d\u88dd\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b)\u5462\uff01<br \/>\n--<br \/>\n<strong>\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=8872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u3010\u5973\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3011\u96c4\u5fc3\u8207\u512a\u96c5\u2014\u7269\u7406\u5929\u540e\u5433\u5065\u96c4<br \/>\n<\/a>--<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u8655\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/are-girls-bad-at-chess\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Are Girls Bad at Chess?<\/a><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong>\u8b6f\u8005\uff1a\u6797\u6021\u5fb7 \u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u7de8\u8b6f\u3002<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aKerina Huang<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u5973\u751f\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u6703\u4e0b\u68cb\uff1f\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u56c9\uff01\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u523b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":18991,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,3293],"tags":[1398,1399,1397],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/D2946B93-5956-4B91-A1BB525EBA22405D_article.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18990"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18990"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18990\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29034,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18990\/revisions\/29034"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}