{"id":18049,"date":"2014-06-11T05:57:10","date_gmt":"2014-06-10T21:57:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=18049"},"modified":"2017-07-25T11:56:25","modified_gmt":"2017-07-25T03:56:25","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a5%9e%e7%b6%93%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e3%80%91%e6%bc%ab%e8%ab%87%e7%a5%9e%e7%b6%93%e5%bd%a2%e6%85%8b%e5%b7%a5%e7%a8%8b%e5%ad%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=18049","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u3011\u6f2b\u8ac7\u795e\u7d93\u5f62\u614b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u5148\u5225\u88ab\u300c\u795e\u7d93\u5f62\u614b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78(Neuromorphic engineering)\u300d\u9019\u770b\u4f3c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5c08\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\u5687\u5230\uff0c\u9019\u9580\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5176\u5be6\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u88fd\u9020\u4e00\u500b\u6a21\u64ec\u4eba\u8166\u7684\u6676\u7247(chip)\u6216\u662f\u96fb\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"20131120090055754_5679\"<\/a>
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff5cwww.zwbk.org<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>\u65b9\u7a0b\u6bc5<\/p>\n

\u5728\u73fe\u4eca\u5404\u7a2e\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u7522\u54c1\u50cf\u667a\u6167\u578b\u624b\u6a5f\u3001\u96fb\u8166\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u5c07\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u96fb\u8def\u6574\u5408\u9032\u4e00\u500b\u6676\u7247\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6676\u7247\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u5927\u8166\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u500b\u6676\u7247\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u7522\u54c1\u80fd\u5920\u9806\u5229\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u667a\u6167\u578b\u7522\u54c1\u591a\u9ebc\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u96fb\u8def\u591a\u9ebc\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u8ddf\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u8166\u76f8\u6bd4\u90fd\u9084\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u50cf\u662f\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u3002\u7576\u6211\u5011\u958b\u555f\u96fb\u8166\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u6d88\u8017\u80fd\u91cf(\u96fb\u80fd)\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u684c\u6a5f\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u5e7e\u767e\u74e6\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u8166\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u529f\u7387\u9060\u9060\u5c0f\u65bc\u96fb\u8166(10-25\u74e6)\u3002\u4eba\u8166\u662f\u7531\u4e0a\u5343\u7a2e\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de(nerve cell)\u53ca\u795e\u7d93\u5143(neuron)\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7531\u5404\u7a2e\u578b\u614b(pattern)\u7684\u57fa\u56e0(gene)\u6240\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u3002\u5149\u662f\"\u6a21\u64ec\"\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u914d\u5099\u5c31\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u4e00\u6574\u53f0\u7b46\u8a18\u578b\u96fb\u8166\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u6a21\u64ec\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u5927\u8166\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u9700\u8981\u6578\u5341\u5104\u53f0\u7b46\u96fb\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u96a8\u8457\u8d85\u7d1a\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u554f\u4e16\u53ca\u6a21\u64ec\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u89e3\u958b\u5927\u8166\u904b\u4f5c\u4e4b\u8b0e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5982\u518d\u6b64\u9059\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u3002\u795e\u7d93\u5f62\u614b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u4fbf\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u8907\u96dc\u554f\u984c\u800c\u8a95\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u795e\u7d93\u5f62\u614b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\u7531\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662(California Institute of Technology ,Caltech)\u6559\u6388\u5361\u5f17\u00b7\u7c73\u5fb7(Carver Mead)\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5177\u6709\u985e\u6bd4\u96fb\u8def(analog circuits)\u7684\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u7a4d\u9ad4\u96fb\u8def (Very-large-scale integration ,VLSI)\u4f86\u6a21\u4eff\u4eba\u8166\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\u9019\u9580\u5b78\u79d1\u975e\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u9818\u57df\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u3001\u6578\u5b78\u53ca\u8cc7\u8a0a\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5404\u65b9\u4eba\u624d\u6295\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

2008\u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u8ecd\u65b9\u4fbf\u8cc7\u52a9IBM\u53ca\u5305\u542b\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7b49\u4e94\u6240\u7f8e\u570b\u9802\u5c16\u5927\u5b78\u4e00\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b(Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics ,SyNAPSE) \u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u7814\u767c\u51fa\u5948\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u4f4e\u8017\u80fd\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u985e\u4f3c\u795e\u7d93\u7a81\u89f8(synapse)\u7684\u5fae\u96fb\u8def\u3002\u795e\u7d93\u7a81\u89f8\u662f\u9023\u63a5\u5169\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u5143\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u5176\u96fb\u8a0a\u865f\u80fd\u5920\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u50b3\u905e\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u6a4b\u6a11\u3002\u9019\u9805\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u65b0\u7a4e\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u53ca\u904b\u7b97\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u5404\u7a2e\u611f\u6e2c\u5668\u8207\u5916\u754c\u8cc7\u6e90\u8b93\u5176\u80fd\u81ea\u4e3b\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u85c9\u7531\u611f\u89ba\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u53ca\u5c0d\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u5177\u5099\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u800cIBM\u7387\u9818\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u7576\u6642\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u5229\u7528\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u85cd\u8272\u57fa\u56e0\u8d85\u7d1a\u96fb\u8166(BlueGene supercomputer)\uff0c\u5305\u542b147,000\u500bCPU\u3001144TB\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u6a21\u64ec\u5c0f\u578b\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5927\u8166\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u500b\u8d85\u7d1a\u96fb\u8166\u6240\u9700\u7684\u529f\u7387\u70ba2-3\u767e\u842c\u74e6(megawatts)\uff0c\u4f9d\u820a\u9060\u9060\u5927\u65bc\u4eba\u8166\u6240\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u529f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\"id35084_2\"<\/a>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c2010\u5e74\u4f4d\u65bc\u6cd5\u570bIEMN(Institute for Electronics Microelectronics and Nanotechnology)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u5229\u7528\u5948\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50-\u6709\u6a5f\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4(hybrid nanoparticle-organic transistor)\u6a21\u4eff\u7a81\u89f8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u4e26\u767c\u8868\u57282010\u5e74\u300aAdvanced Functional Materials\u300b\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684CMOS\u5143\u4ef6\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u4e03\u500b\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\u624d\u80fd\u6a21\u4eff\u7a81\u89f8\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u5948\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50-\u6709\u6a5f\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5728\u4eba\u8166\u4e2d\u7a81\u89f8\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u70ba\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u6578\u842c\u500d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u80fd\u6a21\u4eff\u7a81\u89f8\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u4f4e\u8017\u80fd\u5948\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u96fb\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\u4fbf\u662f\u672a\u4f86\u80fd\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4eba\u8166\u6676\u7247\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u7121\u7591\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u672a\u4f86\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4eff\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u96fb\u8def\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002IEMN\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u54e1Dominique Vuillaume\u8868\u793a\u9019\u500b\u8b93\u96fb\u6d41\u6d41\u904e\u91d1\u5c6c\u5948\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50\u53ca\u6709\u6a5f\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u795e\u7d93\u5229\u7528\u7a81\u89f8\u5728\u50b3\u905e\u8a0a\u606f\u6642\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4f46Dominique Vuillaume\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u5948\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50-\u6709\u6a5f\u96fb\u6676\u9ad4\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e8c\u7dad\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u9ad8\u968e\u4e26\u80fd\u6a21\u4eff\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7684\u96fb\u8def\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u4e09\u7dad\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c07\u4f86\u4e5f\u66f4\u4ef0\u8cf4\u5948\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50\u6216\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u800c\u975e\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u77fd\u6676\u5713\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u88fd\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

2011\u5e74\u4f4d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u7814\u767c\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5948\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\u6a21\u4eff\u7a81\u89f8\u53ef\u5851\u6027(Synaptic plasticity)\uff0c\u4e26\u57282011\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300aNano Letters\u300b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5948\u7c73\u5143\u4ef6\u662f\u5229\u7528\u6280\u8853\u5df2\u76f8\u7576\u6210\u719f\u4e26\u5ee3\u6cdb\u904b\u7528\u5728DVD\u53caCD-ROM\u7684\u76f8\u8b8a\u5316\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4(Phase-change memory , PRAM)\uff0c\u8a72\u5143\u4ef6\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u8017\u80fd\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u9805\u6280\u8853\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78(University of Michigan)\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u7d50\u5408\u8a18\u61b6\u96fb\u963b(memristor)\u53caCMOS\u4ee5\u6a21\u64ec\u795e\u7d93\u7a81\u89f8\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u8a18\u61b6\u96fb\u963b\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d50\u5408\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u8207\u96fb\u963b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u88ab\u52d5\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u96fb\u963b\u8ddf\u5176\u904e\u53bb\u901a\u904e\u7684\u96fb\u6d41\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u5728\u95dc\u6389\u96fb\u6e90\u4e4b\u5f8c\u8a18\u61b6\u5148\u524d\u901a\u904e\u7684\u96fb\u8377\u91cf\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u96fb\u963b\u5169\u7aef\u65bd\u52a0\u96fb\u58d3\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8d8a\u4e45\uff0c\u5176\u96fb\u5c0e(conductance)\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u96fb\u4f4d-\u6642\u9593\u5dee\u5f15\u5c0e\u7684\u7a81\u89f8\u53ef\u5851\u7279\u6027(spike-timing dependent plasticity, STDP\uff09\u4f7f\u9019\u500b\u5143\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u5927\u8166\u5b78\u7fd2\u53ca\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u88ab\u767c\u8868\u57282010\u5e74\u300aNano Letters\u300b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u800c2010\u5e74HP\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u7814\u767c\u5718\u968a\u66f4\u662f\u79c9\u68c4\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u96fb\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\u5229\u7528\u96fb\u58d3\u53ca\u96fb\u6d41\u50b3\u905e\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u6539\u7528\u96fb\u963b\u50b3\u905e\u8a0a\u865f\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u96fb\u8def\u67b6\u69cb\u4e0b\u589e\u9032\u50b3\u905e\u8a0a\u865f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u88ab\u767c\u8868\u57282010\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b(Nature)\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u770b\u5230\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8eab\u70ba\u8b80\u8005\u7684\u4f60\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u6a23\u5f88\u671f\u5f85\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\u6211\u5011\u89e3\u958b\u5927\u8166\u904b\u7b97\u4e4b\u8b0e\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u9020\u798f\u4eba\u7fa4\uff1f\u53c8\u6216\u662f\u6709\u9ede\u6182\u616e\u96a8\u8457\u9019\u9805\u6280\u8853\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u771f\u5be6\u7248\u7684\u99ed\u5ba2\u4efb\u52d9\u6703\u5728\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u908a\u4e0a\u6f14\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reference<\/strong>
\n1.\u201cIBM gets DARPA funding for building revolutionary computer modeled after the brain\u201d Nanowerk (2008) http:\/\/www.nanowerk.com\/news\/newsid=8285.php
\n2.\u201cScientists use nanotechnology to try building computers modeled after the brain\u201d Nanowerk (2010) http:\/\/www.nanowerk.com\/spotlight\/spotid=14495.php
\n3.F. Alibart, et al. \u201cAn Organic Nanoparticle Transistor Behaving as a Biological Spiking Synapse\u201d Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 330\u2013337.
\n4.\u201cBrain-on-a-chip\u201d Nanowerk (2014) http:\/\/www.nanowerk.com\/spotlight\/spotid=35084.php
\n5.\u201cBrain-inspired computing with nanoelectronic programmable synapses\u201d Nanowerk (2011)
\n6.\u201cNanotechnology's road to artificial brains\u201d Nanowerk (2010) http:\/\/www.nanowerk.com\/spotlight\/spotid=15951.php
\n7.S. H. Jo. et al. \u201cNanoscale Memristor Device as Synapse in Neuromorphic Systems\u201d\u00a0Nano Lett.,\u00a02010,\u00a010\u00a0(4), 1297\u20131301
\n8.J. Borghetti, et al. \u201c \u2019Memristive\u2019 switches enable \u2018stateful\u2019 logic operations via material implication\u201dNature ,\u00a02010, 464, 873-876<\/p>\n

--
\n \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u65b9\u7a0b\u6bc5 \u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7279\u7d04\u5beb\u624b\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><\/span>
\n \u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aKerina Huang<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u25a0\u5148\u5225\u88ab\u300c\u795e\u7d93\u5f62\u614b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78(Neuromo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":18050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,3293],"tags":[1043,278,775,744],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/20131120090055754_5679.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18049"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18049"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18293,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18049\/revisions\/18293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}