{"id":16407,"date":"2014-02-07T10:54:08","date_gmt":"2014-02-07T02:54:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=16407"},"modified":"2017-05-09T13:13:41","modified_gmt":"2017-05-09T05:13:41","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%b8%e5%a4%a7%e4%ba%ba%e7%89%a9%e3%80%91%e9%ba%a5%e5%8f%af%e3%83%bb%e6%b3%95%e6%8b%89%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%8d%e7%82%ba%e4%ba%ba%e7%9f%a5%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e9%9d%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=16407","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u79d1\u5b78\u5927\u4eba\u7269\u3011\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u9762(\u4e00)\uff1a\u6642\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u70ba\u4f55\u91cd\u63d0\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u25a0\u9ea5\u53ef\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u662f\u7121\u4eba\u4e0d\u66c9\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u5049\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4ee4\u4eba\u610f\u5916\u7684\u662f\u4e16\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u8aa4\u89e3\u30022013\u5e74\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\u7af9\u5167\u656c\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u300c\u5316\u5b78\u300d\u6708\u520a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u9023\u8f09\u65b9\u5f0f\u5beb\u4e8612\u7bc7\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u95dc\u65bc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63f4\u5f15\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u4e26\u4e14\u4f50\u8b49\u5404\u9805\u6b77\u53f2\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u9084\u539f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u611f\u8b1d\u7af9\u5167\u6559\u6388\u540c\u610f\u6388\u6b0aCASE\u5c07\u65e5\u6587\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u4e26\u65bcCASE PRESS\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9023\u8f09\u4e5f\u6703\u9678\u7e8c\u520a\u51fa\uff0c\u656c\u8acb\u671f\u5f85\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16408\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16408\" style=\"width: 322px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16408\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/0.png\" alt=\"0\" width=\"322\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/0.png 485w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/0-300x262.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 322px) 100vw, 322px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16408\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u9ea5\u53ef\u30fb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c(1791-1867)\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff5c<\/strong>\u7af9\u5185\u656c\u4eba\uff08\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff09<br \/>\n<strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ec3\u90c1\u73ca\uff08\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u7406\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\uff09<\/p>\n<p><b>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6<br \/>\n<\/b>\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u300a\u5316\u5b78\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c(\u8a3b1)\u7684\u5927\u540d\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u300c\u96fb\u89e3\u5b9a\u5f8b\u300d\u548c\u300c\u96fb\u78c1\u611f\u61c9\u300d\u5206\u5225\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5316\u5b78\u548c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9664\u4e86\u5e74\u8868\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u80fd\u5728\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b78\u5169\u9580\u8ab2\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u5730\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4ee5\u91cd\u8981\u5b9a\u5f8b\u548c\u5b9a\u7406\u767c\u73fe\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u5169\u9580\u57fa\u790e\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u767b\u5834\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u8abf\u67e5\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u51fa\u7248\u904e\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u3002\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba(\u8a3b2)\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u96a8\u4fbf\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u6709\u5341\u5e7e\u672c\uff0c\u51cc\u99d5\u53ea\u6709\u5e7e\u672c\u7684\u725b\u9813(\u8a3b3)\u3002\u5f9e\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u660e\u661f\u7279\u8cea\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u679c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee4\u4eba\u610f\u5916\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5462?\u548c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u66f8\u672c\u6578\u91cf\u6bd4\u725b\u9813\u7684\u9ad8\u51fa\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u903c\u8fd1\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u300a\u881f\u71ed\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u300b(\u8a3b4)\u9019\u672c\u66f8\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u66f8\u5e02\u4e0a\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5341\u7a2e\u8b6f\u672c(\u5716\u4e00)\u3002\u9019\u500b\u7d00\u9304\u53ef\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u548c\u725b\u9813\u6240\u80fd\u9805\u80cc\u7684\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u55ae\u5f9e\u73fe\u4eca\u80fd\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u6578\u91cf\u8861\u91cf\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u5f88\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u66f8\u7c4d\u4e5f\u6709\u58fd\u547d\uff0c\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u67d0\u500b\u6642\u671f\u5ee3\u70ba\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u95b1\u8b80\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6b72\u6708\u6d41\u901d\u537b\u9010\u6f38\u70ba\u4eba\u5011\u6de1\u5fd8\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16409\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16409\" style=\"width: 417px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-16409 \" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/1-1024x480.png\" alt=\"1\" width=\"417\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/1-1024x480.png 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/1-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/1.png 1225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 417px) 100vw, 417px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16409\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e00 \u5e7e\u7a2e\u300e\u881f\u71ed\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u300f\u7684\u65e5\u6587\u8b6f\u672c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f88\u9069\u5408\u73fe\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u65b0\u6307\u6a19(Google Books Ngram Viewer)(\u8a3b5)\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5d84\u65b0\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u662f\u7531\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\u5718\u968a\u53d6\u7528\u73fe\u6709\u8c37\u6b4c\u5716\u66f8(Google Books)\u4e2d1500\u842c\u518a(\u4f54\u5df2\u51fa\u7248\u66f8\u7c4d12%)\u6383\u63cf\u6578\u64da\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u897f\u51431500~2000\u5e74\u9593\u51fa\u7248\u66f8\u7c4d\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u76845000\u5104\u500b\u5b57\u8a5e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u5b57\u8a5e\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u983b\u7387\u505a\u6210\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u3002\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u671f\u520a\u8ad6\u6587\u5f15\u7528\u6b21\u6578(citation index )\u7684\u5b57\u8a5e\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u8c37\u6b4c\u6307\u6a19\u6bd4\u8f03\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u548c\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u2015\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u983b\u7387(\u5716\u4e8c)\uff0c\u622a\u81f3\u7d041970\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6bd4\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u66f4\u5e38\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5178\u7c4d\u4e2d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8fd1\u5e74\u60c5\u6cc1\u51fa\u73fe\u9006\u8f49\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u983b\u7387\u9084\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5206\u53e4\u4eca\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u90fd\u4eab\u6709\u9ad8\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16410\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16410\" style=\"width: 402px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-16410 \" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/2-1024x588.png\" alt=\"2\" width=\"402\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/2-1024x588.png 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/2-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/2.png 1205w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 402px) 100vw, 402px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16410\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e8c \u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u548c\u5c45\u79ae\u592b\u4eba\u7684Ngram\u6578\u64da<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5f62\u8c61<br \/>\n<\/b>\u65e2\u7136\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u9ad8\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e16\u4eba\u5c0d\u65bc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u5462?\u9664\u4e86\u77e5\u9053\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u662f\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u96fb\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u95dc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u4e8b\u5462?\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5b58\u6709\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u5462?<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u884c\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5316\u5b78\u8207\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e2d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u5beb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u3002\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u5927\u6982\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u5076\u800c\u62ff\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u7684\u8fad\u5178\u3001\u50b3\u8a18\u6216\u5716\u66f8\u3002\u300e\u7406\u5316\u5b78\u8fad\u5178\u300f(\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5c40)\u7684\u8a18\u8f09(24\u5b57x25\u884c)\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u7576\u8a73\u7d30\u5730\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4f46\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u50b3\u8a18\u5f0f\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u3002\u300e\u5316\u5b78\u5927\u8fad\u5178\u300f(\u6771\u4eac\u5316\u5b78\u540c\u4eba) \u4e0d\u6127\u662f\u5316\u5b78\u5927\u8fad\u5178\uff0c\u5c07\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u9019\u500b\u689d\u76ee\u5beb\u5f97\u5f88\u9577(27\u5b57x48\u884c)\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u7b97\u662f\u7565\u6709\u8457\u58a8\uff0c\u537b\u6709\u5c11\u8a31\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5049\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u5f80\u5f80\u53d7\u5230\u7ae5\u5e74\u6642\u671f\u95b1\u8b80\u5049\u4eba\u50b3\u8a18\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u70ba\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u800c\u5beb\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u300a\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u300b(\u8a3b6)\u5168\u66f8\u8d85\u904e240\u9801\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u5728\u63cf\u5beb\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u78e8\u96e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u8b80\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u5c31\u6703\u5c0d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5370\u8c61:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1&nbsp;\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u96d6\u56e0\u51fa\u8eab\u65bc\u8ca7\u56f0\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u800c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u537b\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u5049\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2&nbsp;\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53ea\u7ba1\u5c08\u5fc3\u505a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/strong><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5f62\u8c61\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u662f\u6709\u932f\uff0c\u537b\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u76f8\u7576\u80cc\u96e2\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6c92\u6709\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5167\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c\u9019\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u3002\u6211\u8981\u8a66\u8457\u91d0\u6e05\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u4e9b\u6726\u6727\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16411\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16411\" style=\"width: 409px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16411 \" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/3.png\" alt=\"3\" width=\"409\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/3.png 790w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/3-300x164.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 409px) 100vw, 409px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16411\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u4e09 \u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u7684\u5927\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4 (1842) \u63d0\u4f9b: \u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u535a\u7269\u9928\u63d0\u4f9b(\u5fb7\u570b\u5409\u68ee)\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u91dd\u5c0d<\/b><b>1<\/b><b>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u78ba\u7121\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u7b97\u4ed6\u80fd\u53bb\u4e0a\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u4e5f\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u7406\u5b78\u9662\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u6216\u662f\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u61c9\u7528\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u4e4b\u985e\u7684\u79d1\u7cfb\u3002\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c(\u8a3b7)\u5728\u5409\u68ee\u5927\u5b78\u9996\u6b21\u958b\u8fa6\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5be6\u9a57\u8207\u6559\u5b78\u4e26\u884c\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u897f\u51431826\u5e74\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5df2\u7d9335\u6b72\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u8eab\u8ca7\u5fae\u5c0d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5411\u5b78\u904e\u7a0b\u7576\u7136\u6709\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9752\u5e74\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u548c\u73fe\u4eca\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u53bb\u4e0a\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5c31\u7b97\u80fd\u4e0a\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u70ba\u4e86\u57f9\u990a\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u800c\u5be6\u65bd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u91dd\u5c0d<\/b><b>2<\/b><b>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u4fee\u6b63<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6191\u8457\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u7684\u5e78\u904b\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662(Royal Institute)(\u8a3b8)\u8993\u5f97\u4e00\u8077\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u7d42\u751f\u5c08\u5fc3\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u300d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u8207\u771f\u76f8\u5dee\u592a\u9060\u3002\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u521d\u8877\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u50be\u5168\u529b\u65bc\u666e\u53ca\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u3002\u5c07\u5728\u5f8c\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u502b\u6566\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6234\u7dad(Davey)(\u8a3b9)\u505a\u516c\u958b\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4f01\u756b\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u4e26\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\u81f3\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u661f\u671f\u4e94\u6f14\u8b1b\u6703\uff0c\u548c\u8056\u8a95\u7bc0\u6f14\u8b1b\u6703\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5411\u4f86\u7684\u9996\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4f5c\u70ba\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u52a9\u624b\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5167\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u5e6b\u52a9\u6234\u7dad\u6559\u6388\u548c\u7e7c\u4efb\u7684\u5e03\u862d\u5fb7\u6559\u6388(\u8a3b10)\u4f5c\u8ab2\u5802\u4e0a\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u53c8\u8981\u70ba\u5404\u7a2e\u6a5f\u95dc(\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u95dc\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u6a5f\u69cb)\u63d0\u4f9b\u5efa\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u4f9b\u59d4\u8a17\u5206\u6790\u670d\u52d9\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e5f\u66fe\u7d93\u88ab\u5fb5\u53ec\u53c3\u8207\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u5728\u6539\u826f\u5149\u5b78\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u4e2d\u4ed6\u5c31\u66fe\u7d93\u6295\u5165\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5149\u9670\u548c\u7cbe\u529b\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u548c\u96fb\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u8077\u52d9\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8fa6\u5b8c\u516c\u4e8b\u5f8c\u7684\u6642\u9593(\u4f8b\u5982\u591c\u665a\u548c\u6c92\u6709\u516c\u958b\u6f14\u8b1b\u7684\u590f\u5929)\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8077\u696d\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u77ed\u7684\u5e7e\u5e74\u5167\u6240\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u8aaa\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7fd2\u6163\u4e0a\u90fd\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u5169\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u62ff\u4f86\u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u5728\u57cb\u982d\u9032\u884c\u96fb\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5efa\u7acb\u5c0d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u76f2\u9ede\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u76f8\u4fe1:<\/p>\n<p><strong>3&nbsp;\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u8005(\u5b78\u751f)\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u4e0b\u53d6\u5f97\u5049\u5927\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f9e\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u614b\u4f86\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u4ee5\u70ba\u5049\u5927\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u80cc\u5f8c\u90fd\u662f\u9760\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u88e1\u8077\u54e1\u548c\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u8005(\u7814\u7a76\u73ed\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u54e1)\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u5728\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16412\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16412\" style=\"width: 439px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16412 \" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/4.png\" alt=\"4\" width=\"439\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/4.png 731w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/4-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/4-600x361.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 439px) 100vw, 439px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16412\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5716\u56db \u6b63\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5730\u4e0b\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88e1\u505a\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c (1852)\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u9019\u88e1\u91dd\u5c0d<\/b><b>3<\/b><b>\u63d0\u51fa\u4fee\u6b63<br \/>\n<\/b>\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u958b\u555f\u4eca\u65e5\u6240\u8b02\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7684\u6feb\u89f4\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u524d\u5305\u62ec\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u4e26\u7121\u64c1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u548c\u4ed6\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u6536\u5f92\u5f1f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u53eb\u5b89\u5fb7\u905c\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u9032\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6703\u5728\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u5230\u5b89\u5fb7\u905c\u4e0d\u662f\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u50d5\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u6469\u723e(\u8a3b11)\u57281850\u5e74\u524d\u5f8c\u756b\u7684\u5e7e\u5f35\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u4f86\u60f3\u50cf\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u6642\u7684\u6a23\u5b50\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7279\u5225\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5f35(\u5716\u56db)\u756b\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u3002\u5716\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7528\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u684c\u3002\u6469\u723e\u61c9\u662f\u4e0d\u7d93\u610f\u5730\u6210\u529f\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u98a8\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0<br \/>\n<\/b>\u70ba\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6a23\u8c8c\uff0c\u884c\u6587\u81f3\u4eca\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u8a66\u8457\u4fee\u6b63\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u662f\u4e0d\u5920\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u65b9\u80fd\u69cb\u7bc9\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u50c5\u53ea\u65bc\u898f\u7bc4\u5a5a\u55aa\u559c\u6176\u7684\u5100\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e26\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6559\u7fa9\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7a7a\u6c23\u548c\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u3002\u7a0d\u70ba\u8a87\u5f35\u4e00\u9ede\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5373\u7121\u6cd5\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u8607\u683c\u862d\u5c71\u5fb7\u9580\u6559\u6d3e(Sandemanian)\u898f\u6a21\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u8a72\u6559\u6d3e\u6975\u70ba\u5fe0\u5be6\u7684\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u548c\u4ed6\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u6709\u5f88\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9023\u8f09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e03\u56de\u4f5c\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5be9\u5224\u3002\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u662f\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u5169\u65b9\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8996\u4fe1\u4ef0\u70ba\u4ed6\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u539f\u52d5\u529b\uff0c\u4e4d\u770b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u6f6e\u6d41\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6240\u5c6c\u7684Sandemanian\u6559\u6d3e\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u6559\u7fa9\u548c\u6b63\u7d71\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u9817\u6709\u51fa\u5165\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u66fe\u5c0d\u611b\u9054\u4f2f\u7235\u592b\u4eba(\u8a3b12)\u8aaa\u300c\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u300d\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u8aaa\u5c07\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u6240\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6b63\u7d71\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6df7\u70ba\u4e00\u8ac7\u662f\u6703\u59a8\u7919\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5f9e\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8eab\u4e0a\u5b78\u7fd2\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc?<br \/>\n<\/b>\u524d\u9762\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u91dd\u5c0d\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6a23\u8c8c\u548c\u4e16\u4eba\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u505a\u4e86\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u8a8d\u77e5\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6a23\u8c8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d66\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u4ec0\u9ebc\u555f\u793a? \u4ed6\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u5730\u65b9? \u6211\u5011\u8a66\u8457\u6b78\u7d0d\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u4e00\u3001\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8eab\u8655\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u90fd\u8981\u4e0d\u65b7\u52aa\u529b\u5145\u5be6\u81ea\u5df1<br \/>\n<\/b>\u9019\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u53d7\u904e\u6b63\u898f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u6210\u529f\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7fd2\u6163\u5c07\u4ed6\u8b80\u904e\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u807d\u904e\u7684\u8ab2\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u2026\u7b49\u7b49\u505a\u51fa\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u7b46\u8a18\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9084\u6703\u597d\u597d\u6574\u7406\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u56de\u9023\u8f09\u4e2d\u6211\u5011\u6703\u8b1b\u5230\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u53c3\u52a0\u6234\u7dad\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u505a\u4e86\u7b46\u8a18\uff0c\u53c8\u5c07\u7b46\u8a18\u91cd\u65b0\u8b04\u5beb\u5f8c\u88dd\u8a02\u6210\u518a\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6234\u7dad\u70ba\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u6210\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9053\u8def\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u52aa\u529b\u4e0d\u61c8\u7684\u597d\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u4e4d\u770b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5e73\u51e1\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u80fd\u6301\u7e8c\u6578\u5e74\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u6578\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e26\u4e0d\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u6b64\u3002\u5f9e\u4ed6\u770b\u5f85\u746a\u897f\u592b\u4eba(\u8a3b13)\u300e\u5316\u5b78\u5c0d\u8a71\u300f(\u8a3b14)\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u5149\u662f\u8b80\u66f8\u548c\u505a\u7b46\u8a18\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u5920\u6eff\u8db3\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u662f\u5beb\u7d66\u5305\u542b\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8b80\u8005\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u5316\u5b78\u5165\u9580\u66f8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u7576\u6642\u4e5f\u5099\u53d7\u597d\u8a55\u3002\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u62ff\u5230\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4f46\u719f\u8b80\u66f8\u4e2d\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u9084\u5c07\u66f8\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7d39\u5be6\u9a57\u5f9e\u982d\u958b\u59cb\u4e00\u500b\u63a5\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u8a66\u505a\u904e\u3002\u7576\u7136\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6b63\u898f\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u548c\u5be6\u9a57\u5668\u6750\u53ef\u4f9b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u5b78\u5f92\u8eab\u5206\u5bc4\u4f4f\u5e2b\u7236\u5bb6\u7684\u5eda\u623f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u5eda\u623f\u88e1\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u934b\u7897\u74e2\u76c6\u6216\u662f\u81ea\u88fd\u7684\u5668\u6750\u505a\u5be6\u9a57\u5427! 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\/>\n<\/b>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5c0d\u5c71\u5fb7\u9580\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u662f\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u300c\u795e\u6240\u5275\u9020\u7684\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u5171\u901a\u4e14\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u300d\u3002\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u96fb\u5176\u5be6\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u90fd\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u800c\u795e\u8ce6\u4e88\u4ed6\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u6b63\u662f\u8981\u8b49\u660e\u9019\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u505a\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8b70\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u9084\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u62b1\u8457\u67d0\u7a2e\u4fe1\u5ff5\u53bb\u9032\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u505a\u904e\u5b78\u5f92\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u62fc\u547d\u52aa\u529b\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u793e\u6703\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4ed6\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u9084\u662f\u5b5c\u5b5c\u4e0d\u5026\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u9019\u4efd\u4e0d\u5c48\u4e0d\u6493\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u61c9\u8a72\u6b63\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u6211\u5011\u6240\u6b20\u7f3a\u7684\u5427!&nbsp; \u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u770b\u5f85\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5462? \u5728\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5beb\u7d66\u4ed6\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u7e7c\u4efb\u8005\u2014\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033\u4fe1\u4e2d(\u8a3b15)\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u5beb\u5230\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5:<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u8207\u5176\u76f8\u4fe1\u516d\u500b\u53ea\u51fa\u4e00\u5f35\u5634\u7a7a\u8ac7\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u9084\u5be7\u53ef\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e00\u4f4d\u7528\u982d\u8166\u8eab\u9ad4\u53bb\u505a\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u78ba\u4fe1\u4f60\u662f\u50cf\u5f8c\u8005\u90a3\u6a23\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002(\u8b6f\u8a3b:\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u539f\u6587\u4f7f\u7528 I therefore and am fully persuaded, \u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u8aa4\u8b6f\u70ba\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u4e14\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u4fe1\u4ef6\u539f\u6587\u8a73\u898b: \"The correspondence of Michael Faraday\" edited by A. J. L. James\u4e2d letter 2411)\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6700\u89aa\u5207\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5be6\u9a57\u5316\u5b78\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u5e36\u504f\u898b\u5730\u53bb\u63a5\u53d7\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u4e9b\u6697\u793a\u5c31\u6703\u6539\u6b63\u6211\u5011\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7d55\u5c0d\u80fd\u4ee4\u6211\u5011\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u9032\u6b65\u3002\u300d(\u505a\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u8b19\u5351\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u6559\u8aa8\u7684\u734e\u52f5)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u2605\u4e0b\u56de\u9810\u544a<a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=16749\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u300c\u5f9e\u66f8\u672c\u88dd\u8a02\u5de5\u8b8a\u6210\u5927\u5b78\u8005\u300d<\/span><\/a>\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n*1Michael Faraday (1791 - 1867): \u672c\u7bc7\u9023\u8f09\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u3002<br \/>\n*2Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie (1867 - 1934): \u6ce2\u862d\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u734e (1903) \u548c\u5316\u5b78\u734e (1911) \u5f97\u4e3b\u3002<br \/>\n*3Sir Isaac Newton (1643 - 1727): \u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u6578\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<br \/>\n*4\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u8457\uff0c\u7af9\u5167\u656c\u4eba\u8b6f\uff0c\u300e\u30ed\u30a6\u30bd\u30af\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u300f\uff0c\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5c40\u51fa\u7248(2010)\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u6700\u65b0\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u50b3\u8a18\u548c\u6587\u737b\u8cc7\u6599\u7b49\u7b49\u90fd\u5f88\u8c50\u5bcc\u3002<br \/>\n*5http:\/\/books.google.com\/ngrams<br \/>\n*6\u4e09\u77f3\u5dd6\uff0c\u300e\u30d5\u30a1\u30e9\u30c7\u30fc\u306e\u767a\u898b\u300f\uff0c\u5ca9\u5d0e\u66f8\u5c40 (1975)<br \/>\n*7Justus Freiherr von Liebig (1803 - 1873): \u5fb7\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5275\u5efa\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u767c\u660e\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u51b7\u537b\u5668\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002 (\u8b6f\u8a3b: \u5176\u5be6Liebig condenser \u65e9\u5728\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u958b\u59cb\u5f9e\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u88ab\u674e\u6bd4\u5e0c\u63a8\u5ee3)<br \/>\n*8The Royal Institution of Great Britain: \u5982\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5f85\u4e86\u4e00\u8f29\u5b50\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8a73\u898b\u672c\u9023\u8f09\u7b2c\u4e09\u56de\u3002<br \/>\n*9Sir Humphry Davy (1778 - 1829): \u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u5316\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3002<br \/>\n*10William Thomas Brande (1788 - 1866): \u82f1\u570b\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u6234\u7dad\u4e4b\u5f8c\u63a5\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3002<br \/>\n*11Harriet Jane Moore (1801 - 1884): \u82f1\u570b\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u6578\u5e40\u63cf\u7e6a1850\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u548c\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u5716\u800c\u7559\u540d\u3002<br \/>\n*12Audusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace (1815 - 1852): \u82f1\u570b\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u540d\u5a9b\u3002\u662f\u8a69\u4eba\u62dc\u502b\u4e4b\u5973(\u8b6f\u8a3b: \u4f5c\u8005\u8868\u793a\u62dc\u502b\u50c5\u4e00\u5973\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u6709\u5169\u4f4d\u5973\u5152\uff0c\u611b\u9054\u4f2f\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u540c\u7236\u7570\u6bcd\u59b9\u59b9\u65e9\u592d)\uff0c\u8457\u6709\u95dc\u65bc\u5df4\u8c9d\u5947\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u5668\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3002<br \/>\n*13Jane Marcet (1769 1858): \u82f1\u570b\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u79d1\u666e\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u5305\u62ec\u5316\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u9818\u57df\u3002<br \/>\n*14\u201cConversations on Chemistry\u201d\uff0c1805 \u5e74\u4ee5\u533f\u540d\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u7248\u3002<br \/>\n*15John Tyndall (1820 - 1893): \u82f1\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u767c\u73fe\u5ef7\u5f97\u8033\u6548\u61c9\u800c\u51fa\u540d\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5beb\u4e86\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u7d66\u4ed6\u7684\u5169\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c (1853) \u64d4\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3002<br \/>\n--<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u539f\u6587\u51fa\u8655\uff1a<strong>\u9023\u8f09\u65bc\u300e\u5316\u5b66\u300f\uff0c68\uff085\uff09\uff0c22\uff082013\uff09\uff08\u5316\u5b66\u540c\u4eba\u793e\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u7af9\u5167\u30fb\u656c\u4eba Takeuchi Yoshito\uff0c\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u5927\u5b78\u540d\u8b7d\u6559\u6388\u3002 1962\u5e74\u53d6\u5f97\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u5927\u5b78\u9662\u7406\u5b78\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1a\u9673\u7af9\u4ead\uff0c\u81fa\u5927\u79d1\u6559\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0\u9ea5\u53ef\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u662f\u7121\u4eba\u4e0d\u66c9\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u5049\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":26196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,1042],"tags":[1068,2249,1067,1638,2258,1069,1070,1071],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/CP\u5c08\u6b04banner-01-300x150.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16407"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16407"}],"version-history":[{"count":60,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26197,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16407\/revisions\/26197"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/26196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}