{"id":15651,"date":"2013-12-19T11:06:56","date_gmt":"2013-12-19T03:06:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=15651"},"modified":"2017-07-27T10:45:08","modified_gmt":"2017-07-27T02:45:08","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e6%96%b0%e7%9f%a5%e3%80%91%e7%b4%b0%e8%8f%8c%e4%b8%8d%e6%8c%91%e9%a3%9f%ef%bc%8c-dna-%e9%95%b7%e7%9f%ad%e9%80%9a%e5%90%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=15651","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b78\u3011\u7d30\u83cc\u4e0d\u6311\u98df\uff0c DNA \u9577\u77ed\u901a\u5403"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u00a0\u25a0\u7d30\u83cc\u6703\u628a\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u6b7b\u6389\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u907a\u7559\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u5c07\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u9577\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u5230\u5b83\u5011\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u65e9\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u4e00\u7bc7\u57282013\u5e7411\u6708\u4e2d\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300a\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u5b78\u5831\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u4e5f\u80fd\u6574\u5408\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u77ed\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u53d7\u640d\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f9e 43,000 \u5e74\u524d\u7684\u9577\u6bdb\u8c61\u9aa8\u9ab8\u88e1\u8403\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bacteria-full.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-15652\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bacteria-full.jpg\" alt=\"bacteria full\" width=\"465\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bacteria-full.jpg 310w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/bacteria-full-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587\uff5c<\/strong>Kerry Grens<br \/>\n<strong>\u7de8\u8b6f\uff5c<\/strong>\u9ad8\u82f1\u54f2<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5468\u906d\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5230\u8655\u90fd\u6709\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u77ed\u7684\u964d\u89e3 DNA \u3002\u4e26\u672a\u53c3\u8207\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b78\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u6f22\u514b\uff0e\u8cfd\u4f5b\u7279 (Hank Seifert) \u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5018\u82e5\u9019\u4e9b DNA \u80fd\u5920\u7522\u751f\u8f49\u5f62\u6216\u7a81\u8b8a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u9019\u4e9b DNA \u5728\u6f14\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u9060\u6bd4\u5148\u524d\u6211\u5011\u4ee5\u70ba\u7684\u4f86\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u57fa\u56e0\u8f49\u5f62\u300d (natural genetic transformation) \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7e31\u5411\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u8f49\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6703\u628a\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4 DNA \u5927\u53e3\u5927\u53e3\u5730\u5403\u6389\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5c07\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5360\u70ba\u5df1\u6709\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d30\u83cc\u6f14\u5316\u8207\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6297\u6027\u4f86\u8aaa\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\uff1b\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9084\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u53ef\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a DNA \u79fb\u8f49\u5230\u4eba\u985e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u585e\u502b\uff0e\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee (S\u00f8ren Overballe-Petersen) \u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4ee5\u524d\u4eba\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u77ed\u7684\u964d\u89e3 DNA \uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u81ea\u7136\u8f49\u5f62\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u7121\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\u3002\u300d\u4f46\u662f\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u9577\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\u5343\u9e7c\u57fa (kilobase) \uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7121\u6cd5\u6301\u4e45\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u6c92\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a5f\u6703\u628a\u5b83\u5011\u6574\u5408\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u5167\uff1b\u50cf\u662f\u5341\u9e7c\u57fa\u9019\u7a2e\u6bd4\u8f03\u77ed\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u500b\u6578\u5341\u842c\u5e74\u5c31\u4e0d\u6210\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u60f3\u8981\u63a2\u7a76\u9019\u4e9b\u8f03\u77ed\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u8ddf\u81ea\u7136\u57fa\u56e0\u8f49\u5f62\u6709\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002\u300c\u9019\u5169\u56de\u4e8b\u771f\u7684\u98a8\u99ac\u725b\u4e0d\u76f8\u53ca\u55ce\uff1f\u300d\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u9019\u6a23\u554f\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u7b49\u4eba\u70ba\u4e86\u627e\u51fa\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u628a\u4e0d\u52d5\u687f\u83cc (Acinetobacter baylyi) \u88e1\u982d\u7684\u5169\u500b\u57fa\u56e0\u5254\u9664\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u628a\u7d30\u83cc\u8ddf\u5404\u7a2e\u9577\u77ed\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684 DNA \u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1b\u77ed\u57fa\u56e0\u5c11\u5230\u53ea\u6709 20 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\uff0c\u9577\u57fa\u56e0\u6709\u591a\u9054 50,000 \u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u7684\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u767c\u73fe\u7d30\u83cc\u6bd4\u8f03\u6703\u5438\u7d0d\u8f03\u9577\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9577\u5ea6\u50c5\u50c5\u6578\u5341\u500b\u9e7c\u57fa\u7684 DNA \u5b83\u5011\u4e5f\u6c92\u653e\u904e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6 DNA \u662f\u5426\u6709\u53d7\u640d\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u90fd\u7167\u5403\u4e0d\u8aa4\uff1a\u7121\u8ad6 DNA \u662f\u5426\u6709\u88c2\u75d5\u3001\u9593\u9699\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u640d\u50b7\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u7d30\u83cc\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u53d6\u70ba\u5df1\u7528\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3002\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u8ac7\u5230\uff1a\u300c DNA \u662f\u5426\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u640d\u50b7\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u5f71\u97ff\u751a\u5fae\uff0c\u9019\u9ede\u5927\u5927\u51fa\u4e4e\u6211\u5011\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u3002 DNA \u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u624d\u662f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u5426\u53d7\u5230\u7d30\u83cc\u9752\u775e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u8cea\u3002\u300d<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u970d\u83ef\u5fb7\uff0e\u5967\u5947\u66fc (Howard Ochman) \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u88e1\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4f86\u8005\u4e0d\u62d2\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u88e1\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\uff0c\u6709\u5169\u500b\u57fa\u56e0\u88ab\u5254\u9664\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u300c\u964d\u89e3\u7684 DNA \u5728\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u591a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u7576\u7136\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ed6\u5011\u5f97\u8981\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u907a\u50b3\u64cd\u7e31\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u6642\u7a0b\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u9577\u7684\u5b8c\u6574 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5b58\u7e8c\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u9577\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u627e\u51fa\u81ea\u7136\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u80fd\u5920\u6a6b\u8de8\u591a\u4e45\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f9e\u9577\u6bdb\u8c61\u9aa8\u9ab8\u88e1\uff0c\u8403\u53d6\u51fa 43,000 \u5e74\u524d\u7684\u964d\u89e3 DNA \u505a\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u6a19\u7684\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u8b49\u660e\u7d93\u904e\u57fa\u56e0\u6539\u9020\u7684\u4e0d\u52d5\u687f\u83cc\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6703\u628a\u9019\u500b DNA \u63d2\u9032\u5b83\u5011\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u4e2d\u3002\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u5269\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e01\u9ede\u7684 DNA \uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9032\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u8f49\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u6709\u4e9b DNA \u53ef\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u6578\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u8ffd\u6839\u7a76\u5e95\u7684\u671f\u9593\u5c31\u5ef6\u5f97\u66f4\u9577\u4e86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e26\u672a\u53c3\u8207\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8cfd\u4f5b\u7279\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u9996\u5ea6\u4ee5\u5be6\u9a57\u8b49\u5be6\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u80fd\u5920\u5438\u7d0d\u53d7\u640d\u7684 DNA \u9032\u884c\u8f49\u5f62\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u53ef\u8f49\u5f62\u7684\u7d30\u83cc\u624d\u6709\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7d30\u83cc\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f85\u516c\u8ad6\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u863f\u7d72\u746a\u9e97\uff0e\u96f7\u5fb7\u83f2\u723e (Rosemary Redfield) \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5468\u906d\u70ba\u6578\u773e\u591a\u3001\u5728\u6d74\u7c3e\u4e0a\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u6c34\u6c60\u5e95\u4e0b\u90fd\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u7684\u964d\u89e3 DNA\uff0c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u7591\u554f\u3002\u672a\u53c3\u8207\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u771f\u601d\u8003\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u820a\u7684 DNA \u6709\u4f55\u7528\u8655\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u7e3d\u662f\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u5b8c\u6574DNA\u53ef\u4f9b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u63a2\u8a0e\u9019\u4e9b\u53e4\u8001\u7684 DNA\u6703\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u662f\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u77ed\u7684DNA\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u6574\u5408\u904e\u7a0b\u662f\u5728\u7d30\u83cc\u5438\u7d0d\u8f03\u9577\u7684DNA\u7247\u6bb5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u884c\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u52d5\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u6d89\u53ca\u7d04 40 \u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5728\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u53bb\u9664\u6389\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\u7684 RecA \u91cd\u7d44\u9176\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d30\u83cc\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u7d0d\u5165\u8f03\u77ed\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u300c\u9019\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u55ae\u8b8a\u9ad4\u3002\u300d\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u88dc\u5145\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u964d\u89e3 DNA \u7684\u8f49\u5f62\u904e\u7a0b\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d30\u83cc\u6f14\u5316\u4f86\u8aaa\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6709\u591a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u96f7\u5fb7\u83f2\u723e\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\u9577\u5ea6\u8f03\u77ed\u7684 DNA \u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u8f49\u5f62\u983b\u7387\u76f8\u7576\u4f4e\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u8fd1\u4e4e\u65bc\u96a8\u6a5f\u7a81\u8b8a\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3002\u6b50\u4f5b\u5df4\u52d2\u76ae\u7279\u68ee\u628a\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u6bd4\u55bb\u70ba\u5728\u5783\u573e\u6876\u88e1\u6dd8\u5bf6\uff1a\u96d6\u7136\u7d30\u83cc\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6703\u88ab\u788e\u73bb\u7483\u5272\u50b7\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u300c\u7e3d\u6703\u6709\u6dd8\u5230\u5bf6\u8c9d\u7684\u6642\u5019\u300d\u3002<br \/>\n--<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\"> \u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u8655\uff1a<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.the-scientist.com\/?articles.view\/articleNo\/38320\/title\/Bacteria-Can-Integrate-Degraded-DNA\/\">Bacteria Can Integrate Degraded DNA<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aKerina Huang<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> 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