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\u5230\u5e95\u96fb\u5b50\u5149\u5b50\u662f\u6ce2\u9084\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u53c8\u662f\u6ce2\u53c8\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\uff1f\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u6574\u6578\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5c0f\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7269\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c0f\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7269\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\u7d93\u5e38\u8f03\u7cbe\u78ba\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u4f86\u8868\u9054\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u662f\u96d9\u72f9\u7e2b\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6b64\u5be6\u9a57\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u662f\u6ce2\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\uff08coherence\uff09\uff0c\u5169\u500b\u6ce2\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6d89\u6642\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5efa\u8a2d\u6027\u6216\u6467\u6bc0\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u3002<\/p>\n

Feynman\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8def\u5f91\u7a4d\u5206\uff08path integral\uff09\uff0c\u7d66\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u767c\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e26\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u6216\u8def\u5f91\u7d66\u5b83\u4e00\u500b\u6ce2\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u518d\u758a\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u90fd\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u6240\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u767c\u751f\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u72f9\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u72f9\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u800c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u4fee\u6b63\u3002Schrodinger\u6307\u51fa\u96fb\u5b50\u5fc5\u9808\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u53cd\u7c92\u5b50\uff08\u6b63\u5b50\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u5834\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u540c\u6642\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b63\u5b50\u7684\u5834\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u72c0\u614b\u88e1\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u6578\u6216\u6b63\u5b50\u6578\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96fb\u78c1\u5834\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u96fb\u78c1\u5834\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u5149\u5b50\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8cea\u8981\u7528\u6ce2\u9577\u548c\u904b\u52d5\u65b9\u5411\u4ee5\u53ca\u96fb\u5834\u65b9\u5411\u7b49\u53c3\u6578\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7576\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u983b\u7387\u7d66\u5b9a\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u666e\u90ce\u514b\u5e38\u6578\u4e58\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u983b\u7387\u7684\u6574\u6578\u500d\u4f86\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u6e1b\u5c11\u3002\u5149\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5149\u91cf\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u5834\u8ad6\u88e1\u9762\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3001\u884c\u9032\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u504f\u6975\u5316\u65b9\u5411\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u500b\u5149\u5b50\uff08\u55ae\u4f4d\u80fd\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u8ddf\u4e4b\u524d\u96fb\u5b50\u548c\u6b63\u5b50\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u5834\u8ad6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u8ddf\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u758a\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u91cf\u5b50\u5834\u8ad6\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u5834\u8ad6\u4e2d\u8ac7\u8ad6\u67d0\u4e00\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6642\uff0c\u548c\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u8ac7\u8ad6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u5728\u8ac7\u8ad6\u96fb\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\uff0c\u8ac7\u8ad6\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ecc\u8de1\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u8ac7\u8ad6\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5834\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u88e1\u9762\u662f\u5426\u6709\u96fb\u5b50\u6216\u5149\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tomonaga, Schwinger, Feynman\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u7372\u5f971965\u5e74\u7684\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u50cf\u96fb\u5b50\u5f9e\u4e00\u9ede\u8dd1\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u904e\u7a0b\u6ce2\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\u758a\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u96fb\u5b50\u5f9e\u4e00\u9ede\u8dd1\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u6b64\u70ba\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u8def\u5f91\u7a4d\u5206\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8ca2\u737b\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u5927\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96fb\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u6703\u4e1f\u51fa\u5149\u5b50\uff0c\u8ddf\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u96fb\u8377\u5927\u5c0f\u6709\u95dc\u3002Feynman\u5f9e\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b78\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u958b\u59cb\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u76f4\u63a5\u731c\u6e2c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6240\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u518d\u76f8\u52a0\u8d77\u4f86\u3002Feynman\u5c07\u5927\u5bb6\u5df2\u7d93\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e5f\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u7121\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u986f\u7136\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u7121\u9650\u5927\u7684\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6b63\u898f\u5316\uff08regularization\uff09\u548c\u91cd\u6574\u5316\uff08Renormalization\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u7121\u9650\u591a\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u503c\u4e00\u6a23\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u610f\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u3002\u85cd\u59c6\u504f\u79fb\uff08Lamb shift\uff09\u4f7f\u5f97\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u5f97\u5230\u8b49\u5be6\uff0c\u800c\u78c1\u5076\u6975\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u96fb\u8377\u5e73\u65b9\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9084\u6709\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6a19\u6e96\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u7c92\u5b50\uff08Higgs\uff09\u5df2\u9a57\u8b49\u4e86\u6a19\u6e96\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6a19\u6e96\u6a21\u578b\u5c1a\u672a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5230\u5ee3\u7fa9\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cf\u5b50\u91cd\u529b\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5f26\u8ad6\u5247\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u6548\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8cc0\u57f9\u9298\u6559\u6388\u6700\u5f8c\u8ac7\u5230\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u7684\u61c2\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u9700\u8981\u591a\u82b1\u4e9b\u6642\u9593\u548c\u529b\u6c23\u3002Feynman\u4e5f\u66fe\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u89e3\u91cb\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u5f97\u5230\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u4e86\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5927\u5bb6\u771f\u7684\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u61c2\u4e86\uff0c\u8cc0\u57f9\u9298\u6559\u6388\u9084\u63d0\u9192\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f60\u807d\u5230\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u8868\u9054\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u9084\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6578\u5b78\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u8868\u9054\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5373\u4f7f\u8aa4\u89e3\u4e86\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e5f\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u56e0\u70baFeynman\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e5f\u544a\u8a34\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u672a\u5617\u4e0d\u53ef\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002
\n--<\/p>\n

 \u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\uff1a102\/06\/01\u4e0b\u5348\u7531\u8cc0\u57f9\u9298\u6559\u6388\u5728\u81fa\u5927\u61c9\u529b\u6240\u570b\u969b\u6f14\u8b1b\u5ef3\u6240\u4e3b\u8b1b\u4e4b\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u61c2\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u300d\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u5167\u5bb9<\/span><\/pre>\n
 \u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u53f0\u5927\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\u63a2\u7d22\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b78\u8b1b\u5ea72013\u5e7406\u670801\u65e5\u7b2c\u4e03\u8b1b\u3008\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u61c2\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u3009<\/span>\u5168\u7a0b\u5f71\u97f3<\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n
\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aNita Hsu<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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