{"id":13210,"date":"2013-05-08T23:48:44","date_gmt":"2013-05-08T15:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=13210"},"modified":"2017-08-01T21:48:28","modified_gmt":"2017-08-01T13:48:28","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2%e4%b9%9d%e3%80%91%e7%95%b6%e9%9b%bb%e5%ad%90%e7%a2%b0%e8%a6%8b%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=13210","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u63a2\u7d22\u4e5d\u3011\u7576\u96fb\u5b50\u78b0\u898b\u91cf\u5b50"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b1b\u2027\u7279\u7a3f<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u25a0 <\/strong><strong>\u5c0d\u65bc\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u82e5\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u6070\u7576\u7684\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u8a71\uff0c<\/strong><strong>\u5728\u5f8c\u982d\u5c0d\u65bc\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\u5967\u5999\u5c31\u5f77\u5f7f\u662f\u770b\u7159\u706b\u822c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5167\u884c\u4eba\u770b\u9580\u9053\u7684\u6b23\u8cde\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u8a31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b93\u5927\u5bb6\u8b8a\u5f97\u5167\u884c\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u4f86\u807d\u9019\u5834\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u8b93\u5927\u5bb6<\/strong><strong>\u89ba\u5f97\u662f\u5728\u770b\u91cf\u5b50\u7159\u706b\u90a3\u822c\uff0c\u800c\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f03\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13211\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13211\" style=\"width: 655px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?attachment_id=13211\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13211\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13211\" title=\"IMG_3175\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/IMG_3175-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"655\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/IMG_3175-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/IMG_3175-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13211\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u91cf\u5b50\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u91cb\u539f\u5b50\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u61c9\u904b\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u5176\u4e2d\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5047\u8aaa\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4e5f\u5e36\u4f86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u8ff7\u4eba\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u64b0\u6587<\/strong>\u2502\u67ef\u662d\u5100<br \/>\n<strong>\u651d\u5f71<\/strong>\u2502\u8d99\u63da\u5149<\/p>\n<p>\u8aaa\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u300c\u6bcf\u500b\u5b57\u90fd\u8a8d\u5f97\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u53e5\u8a71\u90fd\u4e0d\u61c2\u300d\u7684\u611f\u5606\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8a08\u7b97\u5f0f\u5b50\uff0c\u771f\u53eb\u4eba\u4e00\u500b\u982d\u5169\u500b\u5927\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u6c92\u6709\u7269\u7406\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u80fd\u8a8d\u8b58\u5b83\uff0c\u672c\u671f\u8b1b\u5ea7\u9673\u7fa9\u88d5\u6559\u6388\u6368\u53bb\u66f8\u672c\u88e1\u8271\u6f80\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u4ecb\u7d39\u91cf\u5b50\u3002\u9673\u6559\u6388\u5f9e\u7121\u610f\u9593\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u5c0f\u5c0f\u96fb\u5b50\u8aaa\u8d77\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u539f\u5b50\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u52fe\u8d77\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u539f\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6e6f\u59c6\u68ee\u7236\u5b50\u3001\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u3001\u6ce2\u8033\u3001\u666e\u6717\u514b\u3001\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u2026\u2026.\u7b49\u7b49\u5927\u5e2b\u8f2a\u756a\u63a5\u529b\u5c0b\u627e\u771f\u76f8\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u2014\u300c\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\u65e9\u5728\u524d\u65b9\u5411\u6211\u5011\u62db\u624b\u5462\uff01<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u8b0e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u8981\u5f9e\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524dJ.J.\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\uff08Si r Joseph John Thomson\uff0c1856-1940\uff09\u767c\u73fe\u96fb\u5b50\u8aaa\u8d77\uff0c1897\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u9670\u6975\u5c04\u7dda\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u96fb\u5b50\u53ef\u7531\u539f\u5b50\u5c04\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u9805\u767c\u73fe\u6253\u7834\u904e\u53bb\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u201c\u539f\u5b50\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u201d\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5f9e\u96fb\u5b50\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u6b21\u539f\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002J.J.\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u4ee5\u201c\u8461\u8404\u4e7e\u5e03\u4e01\u201d\u6a21\u578b\u4f86\u5f62\u5bb9\u539f\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u5e36\u8ca0\u96fb\u8377\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u6703\u5747\u52fb\u5730\u5206\u4f48\u65bc\u5e36\u6b63\u96fb\u8377\u7684\u8cea\u5b50\u6d77\uff0c\u5b9b\u82e5\u4e00\u7c92\u7c92\u8461\u8404\u4e7e\u5206\u6563\u65bc\u7f8e\u5473\u7684\u5e03\u4e01\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u73fe\u8c61\uff0cJ.J.\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u57281906\u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u734e\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u5167\u90e8\u7d50\u69cb\u771f\u7684\u5982\u540c\u4ed6\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u50cf\u500b\u8461\u8404\u4e7e\u5e03\u4e01\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>1910\u5e74\uff0cJ.J.\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u62c9\u585e\u798f\uff08Ernest Rutherford\uff0c1871- 1937\uff09\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8457\u624b\u7814\u7a76\u8461\u8404\u4e7e\u5e03\u4e01\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u7528\u03b1\u7c92\u5b50\uff08\u5e36\u6b63\u96fb\u7684\u6c26\u6838\uff09\u4f86\u8f5f\u64ca\u4e00\u5f35\u6975\u8584\u7684\u91d1\u7b94\uff0c\u9810\u671f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u03b1\u7c92\u5b50\u90fd\u80fd\u5c04\u7a7f\u91d1\u7b94\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u767c\u73fe\u5c11\u6578\u7684\u03b1\u7c92\u5b50\u6703\u4ee5\u5927\u89d2\u5ea6\u53cd\u5f48\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u64da\u8aaa\u4ed6\u7684\u9a5a\u8a1d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7528\u70ae\u5f48\u8f5f\u5411\u4e00\u5f35\u7d19\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u9019\u9846\u70ae\u5f48\u53cd\u800c\u5f48\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u64ca\u4e2d\u4e86\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u03b1\u7c92\u5b50\u88ab\u53cd\u5f48\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u78b0\u649e\u5230\u91d1\u7b94\u539f\u5b50\u4e2d\u67d0\u7a2e\u6975\u70ba\u5805\u786c\u5bc6\u5be6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u300d\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u610f\u8b58\u5230\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6838\u5fc3\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u5e36\u6b63\u96fb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e86\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u6975\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u03b1\u7c92\u5b50\u51fa\u73fe\u5927\u89d2\u5ea6\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6838\u5fc3\u4f54\u64da\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u61c9\u8a72\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u5230\u539f\u5b50\u534a\u5f91\u7684\u842c\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u8461\u8404\u4e7e\u5e03\u4e01\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281911\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u201c\u884c\u661f\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff1b\u9019\u500b\u539f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u201c\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u201d\uff0c\u5e36\u6709\u6b63\u96fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7684\u56db\u5468\u662f\u5f88\u8f15\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\uff0c\u5e36\u8ca0\u96fb\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u6cbf\u8457\u7279\u5b9a\u8ecc\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u884c\u661f\u822c\u74b0\u7e5e\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u967d\u7cfb\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6a21\u578b\u88e1\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u592a\u967d\uff0c\u800c\u96fb\u5b50\u7576\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u592a\u967d\u904b\u8f49\u7684\u884c\u661f\u5011\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62c9\u585e\u8914\u7684\u884c\u661f\u6a21\u578b\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u633a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u904b\u52d5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7a69\u5b9a\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u53e4\u5178\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u6709\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5e36\u96fb\u7269\u8cea\u6703\u653e\u5c04\u51fa\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\uff0c\u800c\u91cb\u51fa\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u96fb\u5b50\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u4e2d\u7e5e\u8457\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u8f49\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5168\u7136\u662f\u7b49\u901f\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u7576\u7136\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7e2e\u5c0f\u904b\u884c\u534a\u5f91\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u589c\u6bc0\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u4e0a\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u7728\u773c\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u884c\u661f\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u6703\u5d29\u6f70\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u904b\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5931\u53bb\u4efb\u4f55\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u662f\u59cb\u7d42\u5982\u4e00\u7684\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u539f\u5b50\u6253\u8f49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8f15\u6572\u91cf\u5b50\u5927\u9580<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u7269\u7406\u821e\u53f0\u7684\u805a\u5149\u71c8\u843d\u5230\u6ce2\u8033\uff08Niels Bohr\uff0c1885- 1962\uff09\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u50c5\u7ba1\u62c9\u585e\u8914\u7684\u884c\u661f\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7562\u7adf\u6709\u03b1\u7c92\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u5805\u56fa\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ce2\u8033\u4e26\u672a\u653e\u68c4\u5b83\uff0c\u4ed6\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u53e4\u5178\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u80fd\u5426\u4f5c\u7528\u65bc\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u611f\u5230\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u6ce2\u8033\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u9019\u6a23\u5c0f\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u4e0a\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u7406\u8ad6\u5c07\u4e0d\u518d\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u5c0e\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce2\u8033\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u9580\u5f97\u5217\u592b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u9031\u671f\u5f8b\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u9375\u7406\u8ad6\u4e5f\u76f8\u7576\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u539f\u5b50\u5167\u90e8\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6f5b\u85cf\u67d0\u7a2e\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u652f\u914d\u8457\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5f62\u6210\u67d0\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u898f\u5f8b\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u500b\u8b93\u4eba\u60f3\u4e0d\u900f\u7684\u96e3\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce2\u8033\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u5468\u570d\u4e4b\u96fb\u5b50\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e5f\u6709\u80fd\u91cf\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u96fb\u5b50\u5f9e\u9ad8\u80fd\u968e\u6389\u5230\u4f4e\u80fd\u968e\u5c31\u653e\u51fa\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5149\u5b50\uff011912\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u6ce2\u8033\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7d50\u5408\u5230\u62c9\u585e\u8914\u7684\u884c\u661f\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u53e4\u5178\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u96e3\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1913\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8acb\u6559\u6ce2\u8033\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u539f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91cb\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5149\u8b5c\u7dda\u3002\u8aaa\u5230\u5149\u8b5c\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u52a0\u71b1\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u542b\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u5149\u7dda\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u9209\u9e7d\u653e\u5c04\u51fa\u660e\u4eae\u7684\u9ec3\u5149\uff0c\u9240\u9e7d\u5247\u5448\u7d2b\u8272\uff0c\u92f0\u662f\u7d05\u8272\uff0c\u9285\u662f\u7da0\u8272\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u5149\u7dda\u901a\u904e\u5206\u5149\u93e1\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u87a2\u5e55\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fbf\u5f97\u5230\u5149\u8b5c\u7dda\u3002\u5728\u5149\u8b5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9209\u6c38\u9060\u662f\u4e00\u5c0d\u9ec3\u7dda\uff0c\u9240\u5247\u662f\u4e00\u689d\u7d2b\u7dda\uff0c\u92f0\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u689d\u660e\u4eae\u7684\u7d05\u7dda\u548c\u4e00\u689d\u8f03\u6697\u7684\u6a58\u7dda\uff0c\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7279\u5b9a\u800c\u4e14\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8b5c\u7dda\uff0c\u62dc\u5149\u8b5c\u77e5\u8b58\u4e4b\u8cdc\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u767c\u73fe\u65b0\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6ce2\u8033\u5c0d\u65bc\u539f\u5b50\u5149\u8b5c\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6210\u5343\u689d\u7684\u8b5c\u7dda\u548c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u5947\u602a\u7684\u6548\u61c9\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6709\u7528\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u500b\u4eba\u544a\u8a34\u6ce2\u8033\uff0c\u5149\u8b5c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u6709\u898f\u5f8b\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5efa\u8b70\u6ce2\u8033\u53bb\u77ad\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\uff08Johann Jakob Balmer\uff0c1825-1898\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5149\u8b5c\u7dda\u5448\u73fe\u4ec0\u9ebc\u898f\u5f8b\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6703\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u5f8b\uff1f\u5728\u7576\u6642\u9019\u53ef\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u96e3\u984c\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b\u7d93\u9a57\u5f0f\u4f86\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5f0f\u5b50\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u9810\u6e2c\u5438\u6536\u6216\u767c\u5c04\u8b5c\u7dda\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u660e\u9019\u500b\u516c\u5f0f\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5f9e\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8ad6\u4e2d\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?attachment_id=13223\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-13223\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-13223\" title=\"1\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/12.jpg 319w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/12-300x49.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 319px) 100vw, 319px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5f0f\u5b50\u88e1\u7684\u662f\u6ce2\u9577\uff1b<em>B<\/em> \u662f\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u5e38\u6578\uff1b n \u7684\u503c\u7b49\u65bc2\uff1bm\u662f\u6574\u6578\uff0c m\u5fc5\u9808\u5927\u65bc n\u3002\u6ce2\u8033\u4e00\u770b\u898b\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u604d\u7136\u5927\u609f\uff0c\u800c\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u6f5b\u85cf\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u88e1\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u4e5f\u7e3d\u7b97\u8c41\u7136\u958b\u6717\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u4f86\uff0c\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u516c\u5f0f\u88e1\u7684m\u662f\u5927\u65bc2\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6b63\u6574\u6578\uff0cn\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u65bc3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u65bc4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b49\u65bc3.5\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u518d\u5f9e\u666e\u6717\u514b\u516c\u5f0f\uff08E = h\u03bd\uff09\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u53ea\u91cb\u653e\u7279\u5b9a\u6ce2\u9577\u7684\u8f3b\u5c04\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u539f\u5b50\u5167\u90e8\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u91cf\u4f86\u5438\u6536\u6216\u767c\u5c04\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u6ce2\u8033\u7684\u8166\u4e2d\u6d6e\u73fe\u4e00\u500b\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u9593\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u800c\u96fb\u5b50\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u81fa\u968e\u8df3\u8e8d\u5230\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u81fa\u968e\uff0c\u5c31\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4f86\u3002\u6ce2\u8033\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u4e0d\u50c5\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u5df4\u723e\u9ea5\u516c\u5f0f\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u8b5c\u7dda\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u9810\u6e2c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u8b5c\u7dda\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u9810\u8a00\u4e5f\u9678\u7e8c\u88ab\u5be6\u9a57\u6240\u8b49\u5be6\u3002\u6ce2\u8033\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u65bc\u539f\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f9e\u539f\u5b50\u767c\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u8f3b\u5c04\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u69ae\u73721922\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u734e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u96fb\u5b50\u4e5f\u662f\u6ce2\uff0c\u8b49\u64da\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b93\u96fb\u5b50\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7a2e\u7a2e\u9031\u671f\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u73fe\u8c61\u5462\uff1f\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\uff08Louis de Broglie\uff0c1892-1987\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u601d\u8003\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4ed6\u60f3\u5230\u4ee5\u524d\u88ab\u9a57\u8b49\u5177\u6709\u6ce2\u52d5\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5149\u7adf\u7136\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\uff0c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u6ce2\u52d5\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u611b\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u8ad6\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u96fb\u5b50\u6709\u8cea\u91cfm\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5b83\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5167\u5728\u7684\u80fd\u91cfE = mc\u00b2\uff0c\u518d\u5c0e\u5165\u91cf\u5b50\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff1aE = h\u03bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u5c0d\u61c9\u9019\u500b\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5167\u5728\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3002\u983b\u7387\u5c31\u662f\u67d0\u7a2e\u632f\u52d5\u7684\u9031\u671f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u96fb\u5b50\u5167\u90e8\u6709\u67d0\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u5728\u632f\u52d5\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\u5728\u632f\u52d5\u5462\uff1f\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u904b\u7b97\u5f8c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u96fb\u5b50\u5728\u524d\u9032\u6642\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u6ce2\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u9019\u7a2e\u6ce2\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u6ce2\u5305\u201d\uff08phase wave\uff09\uff0c\u6ce2\u5305\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u6a5f\u7387\u76f8\u7576\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u5b83\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u6210\u5206\u6ce2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u5b50\u5167\u7e5e\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u6ce2\u5305\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u96fb\u5b50\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u540c\u6642\u5177\u6709\u6ce2\u52d5\u7279\u6027\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u7c92\u5b50\uff01<\/p>\n<p>1925\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u8c9d\u723e\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u88e1\uff0c\u5927\u885b\u905c\uff08C.J.Davisson\uff09\u548c\u9769\u672b\uff08L. H. Germer\uff09\u628a\u96fb\u5b50\u901a\u904e\u93b3\u584a\u5f8c\uff0c\u610f\u5916\u770b\u5230\u719f\u6089\u7684X\u5c04\u7dda\u884d\u5c04\u5716\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7576\u6642\u4e26\u6c92\u6709X\u5c04\u7dda\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u96fb\u5b50\u554a\uff01\u9019\u4e0b\u4eba\u5011\u7d42\u65bc\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u96fb\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6ce2\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u96fb\u5b50\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5982X\u5c04\u7dda\u822c\u7684\u7d14\u7cb9\u6ce2\u52d5\u6027\u8cea\u4f86\u30021927\u5e74\uff0cG.P.\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u2014J.J\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u7684\u5152\u5b50\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5be6\u9a57\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u96fb\u5b50\u7684\u6ce2\u52d5\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u5be6\u9a57\u8cc7\u6599\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u96fb\u5b50\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u6b63\u548c\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f85\u610f\u7684\u9810\u8a00\u4e0d\u8b00\u800c\u5408\uff0c1937\u5e74\uff0cG.P.\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u4e5f\u8ddf\u96a8\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u8173\u6b65\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cJJ\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u56e0\u70ba\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u96fb\u5b50\u800c\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\uff0cGP\u6e6f\u6728\u751f\u5247\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8b49\u660e\u96fb\u5b50\u662f\u6ce2\u800c\u7372\u5f97\u6b64\u4e00\u6b8a\u69ae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u9867\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e3\u767c\u73fe\u91cf\u5b50\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u91cb\u539f\u5b50\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u61c9\u904b\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u5176\u4e2d\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u5047\u8aaa\u8207\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4e5f\u5e36\u4f86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u8ff7\u4eba\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9673\u6559\u6388\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6545\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u8b1b\u5ea7\u9084\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u79d1\u5b78\u5927\u5e2b\u6545\u4e8b\u7b49\u8457\u4e0a\u5834\uff0c\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u932f\u904e\u554a\uff01<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>(1) \uff1c\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u706b\u82b1\uff1e\uff0c\u5468\u70b3\u8fb0\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7fd2\u6708\u520a50-7<br \/>\n(2) \uff1c1911\u5e745\u6708\uff1a\u62c9\u585e\u798f\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff1e\uff0c\u856d\u5982\u73c0\u3001\u694a\u4fe1\u7537\u8b6f\u3002\u7269\u7406\u96d9\u6708\u520a(\u5eff\u4e5d\u5377\u4e09\u671f) 2007\u5e74\u516d\u6708<br \/>\n(3) \u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u64f2\u9ab0\u5b50\u55ce\uff1a\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u53f2\u8a71\u300b\uff0c\u66f9\u5929\u5143\u3002\u907c\u5be7\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/p>\n<p>--<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\uff1a102\/04\/20\u4e0b\u5348\u7531\u9673\u7fa9\u88d5\u6559\u6388\u5728\u81fa\u5927\u61c9\u529b\u6240\u570b\u969b\u6f14\u8b1b\u5ef3\u6240\u4e3b\u8b1b\u4e4b\u300c\u7576\u96fb\u5b50\u78b0\u898b\u91cf\u5b50\u300d\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u5167\u5bb9<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a\u53f0\u5927\u79d1\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\u63a2\u7d22\u57fa\u790e\u79d1\u5b78\u8b1b\u5ea72013\u5e7404\u670820\u65e5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b1b\u3008\u7576\u96fb\u5b50\u78b0\u898b\u91cf\u5b50\u3009<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/CASTUDIO\/course.php?speech_ID=3247#video_top\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u5168\u7a0b\u5f71\u97f3<\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aNita Hsu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8b1b\u2027\u7279\u7a3f \u25a0 \u5c0d\u65bc\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u958b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":29172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,885],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/IMG_3175-1024x682-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13210"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13210"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29173,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13210\/revisions\/29173"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}