{"id":11208,"date":"2012-05-24T11:45:40","date_gmt":"2012-05-24T03:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=11208"},"modified":"2017-03-31T23:20:26","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T15:20:26","slug":"%e3%80%90%e4%ba%ba%e7%89%a9%e7%89%b9%e5%af%ab%e3%80%91%e5%be%9e%e8%a8%98%e6%86%b6%e5%88%b0%e8%aa%9e%e8%a8%80%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92%ef%bc%9a%e6%89%93%e9%96%8b%e5%a4%a7%e8%85%a6%e7%9a%84%e9%bb%91%e7%9b%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=11208","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u4eba\u7269\u7279\u5beb\u3011\u5f9e\u8a18\u61b6\u5230\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u7fd2\uff1a\u6253\u958b\u5927\u8166\u7684\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\u2500\u8a2a\u80e1\u5fd7\u5049\u6559\u6388"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_11226\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11226\" style=\"width: 322px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-11226\" href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?attachment_id=11226\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11226\" title=\"IMG_2355(1)\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/IMG_23551.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"322\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/IMG_23551.jpg 3456w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/IMG_23551-264x300.jpg 264w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/IMG_23551-902x1024.jpg 902w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/IMG_23551-800x907.jpg 800w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/IMG_23551-600x681.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 322px) 100vw, 322px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11226\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u9664\u4e86\u672c\u9031\u672b\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a18\u61b6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5be6\u9a57\u53ca\u8b70\u984c\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5169\u672c\u5ef6\u4f38\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u662f\uff1a\u863f\u502b\uff0e\u53f2\u96f7\u7279(Lauren Slater)\u7684\u300a\u6253\u958b\u5be6\u9a57\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u9ed1\u7bb1\u2014\u201420\u4e16\u7d00\u91cd\u8981\u5fc3\u7406\u5be6\u9a57\u300b\u53ca\u7531\u5967\u5229\u4f5b\uff0e\u85a9\u514b\u65af(Oliver Sacks)\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u706b\u661f\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u300b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u63a1\u8a2a\u2027\u64b0\u6587<\/strong>\u2502\u6797\u6b23\u6021<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u651d\u5f71<\/strong>\u2502\u5f90\u4f0a\u4ead<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a18\u61b6\u62fc\u5716\uff1a\u5f9e\u6d77\u99ac\u8ff4\u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u969c\u7919\u8ac7\u8d77<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u770b\u904e\u5927\u5c0e\u6f14\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u592b\u8afe\u862d\u7684\u300a\u8a18\u61b6\u62fc\u5716\u300b\uff0c\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u5c0d\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d\u7537\u4e3b\u89d2\u5728\u8166\u50b7\u5f8c\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u969c\u7919\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u77ed\u66ab\u8a18\u61b6\u53ea\u6703\u505c\u7559\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c31\u5fd8\u5f97\u4e00\u4e7e\u4e8c\u6de8\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u518d\u600e\u9ebc\u52aa\u529b\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u64da\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7576\u4e0b\u5728\u7167\u7247\u4e0a\u8a18\u4e0b\u7684\u7c21\u77ed\u7b46\u8a18\uff0c\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u73fe\u5728\u9047\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u8ab0\u3001\u8207\u4ed6\u767c\u751f\u904e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u9677\u5165\u4e00\u5718\u6df7\u4e82\u3002\u672c\u9031\u672b\uff0c\u5c08\u9577\u7814\u7a76\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u80e1\u5fd7\u5049\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c07\u5728\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\u5e36\u4f86\u300a\u8a18\u61b6\u62fc\u5716\u300b\u7684\u771f\u4eba\u7248\u2014\u7531\u65bc\u6d77\u99ac\u8ff4\u53d7\u50b7\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u7121\u6cd5\u8f49\u6210\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5091\u8afe\u7c73\u7d00\u9304\u7247\uff0c\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u8a18\u61b6\u500b\u6848\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u7cfb\u7d71\u8207\u529f\u80fd\u74b0\u7bc0\uff0c\u63ed\u958b\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5967\u79d8\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6d77\u99ac\u8ff4\uff1f\u8a18\u61b6\u6a5f\u5236\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u70ba\u77ed\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f9e\u52d5\u7269\u5be6\u9a57\u5230\u8a18\u61b6\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5c31\u8b80\u653f\u5927\u5fc3\u7406\u7cfb\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u8207\u5c0f\u767d\u9f20\u70ba\u4f0d\uff1b\u6703\u6295\u5165\u8a18\u61b6\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u56e0\u7de3\u969b\u6703\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u963f\u9748\u9813\u5206\u6821(University of Texas at Arlington)\u653b\u8b80\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u78a9\u535a\u58eb\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u8a72\u6821\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u8f03\u5f37\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u8207\u8a8d\u77e5\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u8001\u5e2b\u662f\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u63a8\u7406\u8207\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0c\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u4fbf\u6295\u5165\u7576\u6642\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u8a18\u61b6\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u65e9\u671f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u63a2\u8a0e\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u9650\u65bc\u5916\u5728\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5230\u4e861960\u5e74\u4ee3\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8207\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78\u8208\u8d77\u5f8c\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u8655\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u96fb\u8166\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u53c3\u8003\u96fb\u8166\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u904e\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3001\u904e\u7a0b\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u5404\u5f0f\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5404\u7a2e\u4eba\u985e\u8a0a\u606f\u8655\u7406\u3001\u8a18\u61b6\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u5047\u8aaa\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u53ef\u88ab\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u5c64\uff0c\u6700\u4e0a\u5c64\u662f\u610f\u8b58\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u4e2d\u9593\u662f\u8a0a\u606f\u8655\u7406\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u6700\u4e0b\u5c64\u5247\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u3002\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u662f\u8a0a\u606f\u8655\u7406\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u7269\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8207\u795e\u7d93\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5247\u504f\u5411\u5f9e\u751f\u7406\u8207\u5927\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6703\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u52a0\u4ee5\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u4e5f\u662f\u5f9e\u8a0a\u606f\u8655\u7406\u5c64\u6b21\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u3002\u4ed6\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u300c\u8173\u672c\u300d(script)\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u535a\u8ad6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u8173\u672c(script)\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167(artificial intelligence)\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\uff1b\u7531\u65bc\u65e9\u671f\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5373\u53d7\u5230\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b78(computer science)\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u63f4\u5f15\u4e86\u9032\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8a8d\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u88e1\uff0c\u300c\u8173\u672c\u300d(script) \u662f\u4eba\u5011\u5f9e\u4e8b\u67d0\u7a2e\u6d3b\u52d5\uff08\u770b\u96fb\u5f71\uff09\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u7d44\u7e54\u8a18\u61b6\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a5f\u5236\uff1b\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4eba\u5011\u9762\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u964c\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u6642\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u61c9\u5c0d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4eba\u985e\u8a18\u61b6\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u5e7e\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b21\u7cfb\u7d71\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5f9e\u8996\u89ba\u3001\u807d\u89ba\u7b49\u611f\u89ba\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u8a0a\u606f\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6703\u5148\u5132\u5b58\u5728\u611f\u5b98\u8a18\u61b6(sensory memory)\uff0c\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u6642\u9593\u53ea\u67091\u81f32\u79d2\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u5247\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6(working memory)\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u6703\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c07\u5f9e\u5916\u9762\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u548c\u5f9e\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5404\u7a2e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u505a\u6c7a\u7b56\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6211\u5011\u592a\u904e\u7dca\u5f35\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6703\u5ffd\u7136\u8166\u888b\u4e00\u7247\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e5f\u60f3\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\uff1b\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u5f88\u9700\u8981\u300c\u8a8d\u77e5\u8cc7\u6e90\u300d\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u88ab\u7dca\u5f35\u611f\u4f54\u64da\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u5c07\u8a0a\u606f\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u7121\u6cd5\u5230\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u53bb\u63d0\u53d6\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u8a0a\u606f\u9032\u884c\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u7d44\u7e54\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u5c64\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6240\u6709\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ca\u80fd\u529b\u5132\u5b58\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u8a0a\u606f\u5f9e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8a18\u61b6\u8f49\u5230\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\u5132\u5b58\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u300c\u6c38\u56fa\u5316\u300d\u7684\u6b77\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9577\u9054\u5169\u500b\u6708\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u624d\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u3002\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8a18\u61b6\u88ab\u79fb\u8f49\u5230\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\u5132\u5b58\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u6703\u518d\u907a\u5fd8\uff1b\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6703\u767c\u751f\u300c\u4e00\u6642\u60f3\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\u300d\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff08\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u820c\u5c16\u73fe\u8c61(tip of tongue)\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8a72\u8a0a\u606f\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u8207\u969c\u7919\u985e\u5225<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u9577\u671f\u8a18\u61b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5340\u5206\u70ba\u5e7e\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b21\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u6b21\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u80fd\u5920\u88ab\u8b1b\u8ff0\u7684\u51fa\u4f86\uff1b\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u63cf\u8ff0\u6211\u5011\u4e0a\u500b\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u505a\u4e86\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e8b\uff0c\u53c8\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u53f0\u5927\u4f4d\u65bc\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6b21\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u96e3\u63cf\u8ff0\u300c\u9a0e\u55ae\u8eca\u300d\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u8166\u90e8\u53d7\u5230\u50b7\u5bb3\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u8a18\u61b6\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u9806\u884c\u6027\u5931\u61b6\u75c7\uff08Anterograde Amnesia\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u96d6\u7136\u4ecd\u8a18\u767c\u75c5\u4e4b\u524d\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u767c\u75c5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u65b0\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u537b\u6703\u7522\u751f\u7a2e\u7a2e\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5982\u6f14\u8b1b\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u300a\u7bb1\u5b50\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u300b\u9019\u90e8\u7d00\u9304\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002\u795e\u7d93\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5206\u6790\u5931\u61b6\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u5011\u7684\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u4e26\u627e\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u300c\u6b98\u5b58\u300d\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9019\u985e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u91ab\u5e2b\u548c\u5fa9\u5065\u5e2b\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u75c5\u4eba\u8a2d\u8a08\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u548c\u5fa9\u5065\u8a08\u756b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f9e\u8a18\u61b6\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u8a9e\u8a00\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5728\u7372\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\uff0c\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u66fe\u7d93\u8a2a\u554f\u904e\u66fe\u5fd7\u6717\u6559\u6388\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6cb3\u6ff1\u5206\u6821\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u3002\u53d7\u5230\u9019\u500b\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u6df1\u89ba\u61c9\u8a72\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u53f0\u7063\u7279\u8272\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u8b70\u984c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56de\u5230\u53f0\u7063\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u57cb\u9996\u65bc\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u6709\u5176\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u66f8\u5beb\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u4e0d\u4f46\u6709\u5176\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u4f9b\u897f\u65b9\u5b78\u754c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6210\u70ba\u76ee\u524d\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u83ef\u4eba\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u754c\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u9084\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5f85\u958b\u58be\u7684\u8655\u5973\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8a0a\u606f\u4e26\u672a\u9f4a\u5099\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5f9e\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u8a9e\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u5e38\u6a21\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u958b\u767c\u3002\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u9019\u4e9b\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a18\u61b6\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u9664\u4e86\u672c\u9031\u672b\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a18\u61b6\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5be6\u9a57\u53ca\u8b70\u984c\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u80e1\u6559\u6388\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5169\u672c\u5ef6\u4f38\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u53ef\u8b93\u5927\u5bb6\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u662f\u863f\u502b\uff0e\u53f2\u96f7\u7279(Lauren Slater)\u7684\u300a\u6253\u958b\u5be6\u9a57\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u9ed1\u7bb1\u2014\u201420\u4e16\u7d00\u91cd\u8981\u5fc3\u7406\u5be6\u9a57\u300b\uff0c\u5979\u5f9e\u4ee5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u754c\u884c\u70ba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5927\u5e2b\u53f2\u91d1\u7d0d(Skinner)\u70ba\u540d\u7684\u53f2\u91d1\u7d0d\u7bb1(Skinner box)\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5341\u500b\u7d93\u5178\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5169\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5c0d\u8a18\u61b6\u9019\u500b\u8b1b\u984c\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e0d\u5c11\u6a02\u8da3\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u863f\u502b\uff0e\u53f2\u96f7\u7279\u672c\u8eab\u62ff\u5230\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u78a9\u58eb\u5f8c\uff0c\u53c8\u62ff\u5230\u6559\u80b2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u6210\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4ee5\u5275\u9020\u6027\u975e\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c07\u8a31\u591a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u984c\u6750\u5beb\u6210\u79d1\u666e\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u5b78\u754c\u6709\u4e9b\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u8b80\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u76f8\u7576\u5f15\u4eba\u5165\u52dd\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u53c3\u8003\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u5247\u662f\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u6709\u540d\uff0c\u7531\u5967\u5229\u4f5b\uff0e\u85a9\u514b\u65af(Oliver Sacks)\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u706b\u661f\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u300b\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u5931\u61b6\u75c7\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f03\u6545\u4e8b\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ecb\u7d39\u8a31\u591a\u500b\u6848\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u8b80\u8005\u5728\u95b1\u8b80\u6d41\u66a2\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u727d\u6d89\u7684\u91ab\u5b78\u8207\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u74b0\u7bc0\u3002<br \/>\n--<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #333333;\"> \u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?p=10860\">\u3010\u66f8\u8a55\u4ecb\u7d39\u3011\u5730\u7403\u5f88\u5371\u96aa\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8d70\u4e0d\u6389\u2014\u2014\u6211\u8b80\u300a\u706b\u661f\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u5b78\u5bb6\u300b<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong>\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1aNita  Hsu<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><strong><a rel=\"attachment wp-att-11223\" href=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/?attachment_id=11223\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-11223\" title=\"Hu\" src=\"http:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/Hu.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"140\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/Hu.png 234w, https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/Hu-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 140px) 100vw, 140px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a1\u8a2a\u2027\u64b0\u6587\u2502\u6797\u6b23\u6021 \u651d\u5f71\u2502\u5f90\u4f0a\u4ead \u8a18\u61b6\u62fc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3293,761],"tags":[779,744],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11208"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11208"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11208\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11220,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11208\/revisions\/11220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11208"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11208"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/case.ntu.edu.tw\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11208"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}